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  3. The "cold fusion" phenomenon may be attributed to experimental errors mistakenly indicating an excess production of energ

The "cold fusion" phenomenon may be attributed to experimental errors mistakenly indicating an excess production of energ

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问题            The "cold fusion" phenomenon may be attributed to experimental errors
       mistakenly indicating an excess production of energy. Those theories explaining
       cold fusion require revisions in existing theories, and scientific skepticism
Line     requires that unless the experimental evidence justifies belief in these miracles,
(5)      one must conclude that experimental errors are being misinterpreted as positive
       proof of cold fusion’s possibility. One would expect half of all careful energy-
       balance measurements in cold fusion experiments to indicate excess energy, and
       about half to show an energy deficit, because experimental error spreads the
       results around the expected outcome. The recent preponderance of results
(10)     showing excess energy might indicate something new, but if one is deliberately
       searching for excess energy, then one may be able to "optimize" a complicated
       system to yield large amounts of apparent excess energy by fooling the
       measurement apparatus somehow.  Whether a  given excess-heat  result
       represents a physical "miracle" or an experimental error is very difficult to
(15)     determine if the amount of excess heat is small or if the fraction of excess power
       to total input power is simply too low.
It can be inferred from the passage that the author would MOST likely agree with which of the following statements concerning the scientific method?
选项 A、Scientific skepticism requires that no experiment should be considered valid if it produces experimental errors.
B、Theories should not be revised in any significant way in the absence of strong experimental evidence of a phenomenon they fail to explain.
C、Misinterpretations of experimental data always ensue from the "optimization" of experimental apparatus.
D、Sound experiments tend to produce experimental errors that are distributed in one direction or the other of the measurement scale, but not both.
E、Large revisions in experimental physical theories should not occur simply in the face of "miracles".
答案B
解析
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