2. 外语
  3. Although the stigma (耻辱) once associated with mental illness has gradually gone away in recent years, most of the Americans who

Although the stigma (耻辱) once associated with mental illness has gradually gone away in recent years, most of the Americans who

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问题     Although the stigma (耻辱) once associated with mental illness has gradually gone away in recent years, most of the Americans who have clinical depression still don’t get treated for it, partly because many are too embarrassed to go to a psychologist. In fact, the majority of depressed people who seek professional help turn first not to a psychologist but to their primary-care physician.
    But do regular doctors really know how to identify depression? A large new scientific review suggests they don’t. In a review of 41 previous studies, the authors found that general practitioners make frequent mistakes, missing true cases of depression about half the time and incorrectly diagnosing it in 19% of healthy people.
    Alex Mitchell, Amol Vaze and Sanjay Rao of Leicester General Hospital in the U.K. estimate that about 1 in 5 people in developed nations will experience depression in their lifetime. That means that among a general patient population of 100, about 20 will develop the condition, but the typical doctor will find it in only 10 of those who have it. And among the 80 healthy people, the doctor will incorrectly identify depression in 15.
    This is significant because depression can make the patient and his or her family weak. Depression also carries an enormous social burden, leading to missed work days, loss of productivity and increases in health-care spending. Further, those misdiagnosed with depression may end up being prescribed medicine that not only costs a lot but can have serious side effects.
    The various studies that Mitchell, Vaze and Rao reviewed used different methods to verify whether doctors had missed depression in their patients. Virtually all the studies pointed to the same conclusion: general physicians aren’t very good at recognizing the most common mental illness in the world.
    Why? One reason is that the typical doctor visit is quite short, usually no longer than 15 minutes. It’s hard for patients to open up about their symptoms during that brief period. Doctors should spend more time or schedule follow-up appointments with patients they suspect have depression, which can dramatically increase the rate of accurate diagnoses.
According to the passage, depression can result in _______.
选项 A、worse family relationship
B、refusal by the society
C、large medical expense
D、serious side effects
答案C
解析 第4段讲述了抑郁症对个人、家庭及社会的危害，从第2句的increases in health-care spending以及第3句的costs a lot可以判断出抑郁症医疗费用很高，故C“昂贵的医药花费”正确。
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大学英语四级

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