首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Science of Anthropology A Through various methods of research, anthropologists try to fit together the pieces of the hum
The Science of Anthropology A Through various methods of research, anthropologists try to fit together the pieces of the hum
admin
2011-01-15
22
问题
The Science of Anthropology
A Through various methods of research, anthropologists try to fit together the pieces of the human puzzle--to discover how humanity was first achieved, what made it branch out in different directions, and why separate societies behave similarly in some ways, but quite differently in other ways,B Anthropology, which emerged as an independent science in the late eighteenth century, has two main divisions: Physical Anthropology and Cultural Anthropology. C Physical Anthropology focuses on human evolution and variation and uses methods of physiology, genetics, and ecology. Cultural anthropology focuses on culture and includes Archaeology, social anthropology, and linguistics.D
Physical anthropologists are most concerned with human biology. Physical anthropologists are detectives whose mission is to solve the mystery of how humans came to be human. They ask questions about the events that led a tree-dwelling population of animals to evolve into two-legged beings with power to learn--a power that we call intelligence. Physical anthropologists study the fossils and organic remains of once-living primates. They also study the connections between humans and other primates that are still living. Monkeys, apes, and humans have more in common with one another physically than they do with other kinds of animals, In the lab anthropologists use the methods, of physiology and genetics to investigate the composition of blood chemistry for clues to the relationship of humans to various primates. Some study the animals in the wild to find out what behaviors they share with humans. Others speculate about how the behavior of nonhuman primates might have shaped human bodily needs and habits.
A well-known family of physical anthropologists, the Leakeys, conducted research in East Africa indicating that human evolution centered there rather than Asia. In 1931.Louis Leakey and his wife Mary Leakey began excavating at Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania. where over the next forty years they discovered stone tools and hominid evidence that pushed back the dates for early humans to over 375 million years ago. Their son, Richard Leakey, discovered yet other types of hominid skulls in Kenya, which he wrote about in Origins (1979) and Origins Reconsidered (1992), Like physical anthropologists, cultural anthropologists study clues about human life in the distant past; however, cultural anthropologists also look at the similarities and differences among human communities today. Some cultural anthropologists work in the field, living and working among people in societies that differ from their own. Anthropologists doing fieldwork often produce all ethnography, a written description of the daily activities of men, women, and children that tells the story of the society’s community life as a whole. Some cultural anthropologists do not work in the field but rather at research universities and Museums doing the comparative and interpretive part of the job. These anthropologists, called ethnologists, sift through the ethnographies written by field anthropologists and try to discover crossculmtural patterns in marriage, child rearing, religious beliefs and practices, warfare--any subject that constitutes the human experience. They often use their findings to argue for or against particular hypotheses about people worldwide.
A cultural anthropologist who achieved worldwide fame was Margaret Mead. In 1923, Mead went to Samoa to pursue her first fieldwork assignment--a study that resulted in her widely read book Coming of Ages in Samoa (1928). Mead published ten major works during her long career, moving from studies of child rearing in the Pacific to the cultural and biological bases of gender, the nature of cultural change, the structure and functioning of complex societies, and race relations. Mead remained a pioneer in her willingness to tackle subjects of major intellectual consequence, to develop new technologies for research, and to think of new ways that anthropology could serve society.
Glossary:
primates: the order of mammals that includes apes and humans
hominid: the family of primates of which humans are the only living species
The phrase branch, out in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
选项
A、separate.
B、hurry.
C、look.
D、originate.
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/EqlYFFFM
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
Completethetablebelow.UseONEWORDONLYfromthepassageforeachanswer.
Completethetablebelow.ChooseNOMORETHANTWOWORDSfromReadingPassage3foreachanswer.Writeyouranswerinboxes29-36
Completethesummarybelow.ChooseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSfromthepassageforeachanswer.Writeyouranswersinboxes6-8on
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13,whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.BringingcinnamontoEuropeCin
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13,whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.BringingcinnamontoEuropeCin
TheInnovationofGroceryStoresA.Attheverybeginningofthe20thcentury,theAmericangrocerystoresofferedcomprehen
Davidsaysthathethinksagapyearisunsuitablefor______.StudentsinmostEuropeancountries______.
17th/seventeenthcentury
Completethesentencesbelow.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Ifyouneedtofindinformationonacertainbook
Whichofthefollowingquestionsdoesthepassageanswer?Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatlichensuselessenergyand
随机试题
杏苏散的功用是桑杏汤的功用是
下列关于商业汇票的表述中,符合法律规定的有()。
按到达合同成交时,卖方有义务办理货运保险。()
纳税人将自产产品用于()项目时,应视同销售计征消费税。
杭州湾跨海大桥是中国浙江省境内连接湖州市和宁波市的跨海大桥。()
为了帮助受灾家庭子女恢复正常的学习生活,社会工作者小张按照“认识现有的问题→界定问题→探索可行的解决方法→认识各种可能的限制→选取解决办法→设计完整的计划→发展评估计划”的过程,开展服务方案策划工作。小张采用的社会服务策划形式是()
人类最早的教学手段是()。
课外活动的主体是()。
师傅每小时加工25个零件,徒弟每小时加工20个零件,按每天工作8/小时计算,师傅一天加工的零件比徒弟多()个。
京师大学堂既是实行教育的机构,也是全国最高的教育行政机关,统辖各省学堂。
最新回复
(
0
)