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  3. International trade is the exchange of goods and services produced in one country for goods and services produced in another cou

International trade is the exchange of goods and services produced in one country for goods and services produced in another cou

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问题     International trade is the exchange of goods and services produced in one country for goods and services produced in another country. There are several reasons for it.【R1】______: some nations possess natural deposits in excess of their own requirements while other nations have none. For example, Britain has large reserves of coal but lacks many minerals such as nickel, copper, aluminum etc. whereas the Arab states have vast oil deposits but little else.【R2】______Some products will only grow in tropical climates whereas others, such as citrus fruits, require a Mediterranean climate. Moreover, some nations are unable to produce sufficient of a particular product to satisfy a large home demand, for example, Britain and wheat. 【R3】______
   【R4】______It was found that it made economic sense for a nation to specialize in certain activities and produce goods for which it had the most advantages, and to exchange those goods for the products of other nations which had advantages in different fields. 【R5】______
    This theory points out that trade between countries can be profitable for all, even if one of the countries can produce every commodity more cheaply.【R6】______The paradox is best illustrated by this traditional example: the best lawyer in town is also the best typist in town. Since this lawyer cannot afford to give up precious time from legal affairs, a typist is hired who may be less efficient than the lawyer in both legal and typing matters. But the typist’s disadvantage is least in typing. Therefore, the typist has a relative comparative advantage in typing.
    In addition to visible trade, which involves the import and export of goods and merchandise, there is also invisible trade, which involves the exchange of services between nations.
    Nations such as Greece and Norway have large maritime fleets and provide transportation service.【R7】______When an exporter arranges shipment, he rents space in cargo compartment of a ship.
    The prudent exporter purchases insurance for his cargo’s voyage. While at sea, a cargo is vulnerable to many dangers. Thus, insurance is another service in which some nations specialize.
    Some nations possess little in the way of exportable commodities or manufactured goods, but they have a mild and sunny climate. During the winter, the Bahamas attract large numbers of tourists, who spend money for hotel accommodations, meals, taxis, and so on. 【R8】______
    Invisible trade can be as important to some nation as the export of raw materials or commodities is to others. In both cases, the nations earn money to buy necessities.
    A. With the development of manufacturing and technology, there arose another incentive for nations to exchange their products.
    B. In the cultivation of natural products climate plays a decisive role.
    C. These are the reasons why international trade first began.
    D. The distribution of natural resources around the world is somewhat haphazard.
    E. This is a kind of invisible trade.
    F. This trade is based on the principle of comparative advantage.
    G. Tourism, therefore, is another form of invisible trade.
    H. As long as there are minor, relative differences in the efficiency of producing a commodity even the poor country can have a comparative advantage in producing it.
【R6】
选项
答案H
解析 承上段末句，本段展开例证比较优势在国际贸易中的作用。根据上下文，答案只能是H。
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