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  3. For a long time, researchers have tried to nail down just what shapes us—or what, at least, shapes us most. And over the years,

For a long time, researchers have tried to nail down just what shapes us—or what, at least, shapes us most. And over the years,

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问题     For a long time, researchers have tried to nail down just what shapes us—or what, at least, shapes us most. And over the years, they’ve had a lot of exclamation moments. First it was our parents, particularly our mothers. Then it was our genes. Next it was our peers, who show up last but hold great sway. And all those ideas were good ones—but only as far as they went.
    Somewhere, there was a sort of temperamental dark matter exerting an invisible gravitational pull of its own. More and more, scientists are concluding that this unexplained force is our siblings.
    From the time we are born, our brothers and sisters are our collaborators and co-conspirators, our role models and cautionary tales. They are our scolds, protectors, goads, tormentors, playmates, counselors, sources of envy, objects of pride. They teach us how to resolve conflicts and how not to; how to conduct friendships and when to walk away from them. Sisters teach brothers about the mysteries of girls; brothers teach sisters about the puzzle of boys. Our spouses arrive comparatively late in our lives; our parents eventually leave us. Our siblings may be the only people we’ll ever know who truly qualify as partners for life. "Siblings," says family sociologist Katherine Conger, "are with us for the whole journey."
    Within the scientific community, siblings have not been wholly ignored, but research has been limited mostly to discussions of birth order. Older sibs were said to be strivers; younger ones rebels; middle kids the lost souls. The stereotypes were broad, if not entirely untrue, and there the discussion mostly ended.
    But all that’s changing. At research centers in the U.S., Canada, Europe and elsewhere, investigators are launching a wealth of new studies into the sibling dynamic, looking at ways brothers and sisters steer one another into—or away from—risky behavior, how they form a protective buffer(减震器)against family upheaval; how they educate one another about the opposite sex; how all siblings compete for family recognition and come to terms—or blows—over such impossibly charged issues as parental favoritism.
    From that research, scientists are gaining intriguing insights into the people we become as adults. Does the manager who runs a harmonious office call on the peacemaking skills learned in the family playroom? Does the student struggling with a professor who plays favorites summon up the coping skills acquired from dealing with a sister who was Daddy’s girl? Do husbands and wives benefit from the inter-gender negotiations they waged when their most important partners were their sisters and brothers? All that is under investigation. "Siblings have just been off the radar screen until now," says Conger. But today serious work is revealing exactly how our brothers and sisters influence us.
In scientific community, previous research on siblings
选项 A、mostly focused on the sibling order.
B、studied the characteristics of the kids.
C、studied the matter in a broad sense.
D、wasn’t believable and the discussion ended.
答案A
解析 细节判断题。根据scientific community定位到第4段首句。由该句but转折处可知答案应为A。第2句提到年长的、年小的、中间的孩子共有的定式，并没有对他们的个性特征进行研究，故B排除：最后一句说这种定式很普遍，但并不意味着从广义上来研究兄弟姐妹对我们的影响，故C排除；D在文中没有依据。
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