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  3. Marketing, in economics, is that part of the process of production and exchange that is concerned with the flow of goods and ser

Marketing, in economics, is that part of the process of production and exchange that is concerned with the flow of goods and ser

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问题     Marketing, in economics, is that part of the process of production and exchange that is concerned with the flow of goods and services from producer to consumer. In popular usage it is defined as the distribution and sale of goods, the word DISTRIBUTION being understood in a broader sense than the technical economic one. Marketing includes the activities of all those who are engaged in the transfer of goods from producer to consumer--not only those who buy and sell directly, wholesale and retail, but also those who warehouse, grade, transport, in sure, finance, or otherwise have a hand in the process of transfer. In a modern capitalist economy, where all production is for a market, such activities are of first importance l it is estimated that more than 50% of the price paid by the final consumer is made up of the cost of marketing. Where production is for direct use, as in the subsistence farm, the feudal manor (庄园), or the communal group, there is little need for exchange of good because the division of labour is poorly developed and most people produce the same or similar goods. Interregional exchange between disparate geographic areas depends on adequate means of transportation. This, before the development of area travel and navigation, there was little change of the products of one region for those of another. Where systems of transportation are well developed as in the Mediterranean in ancient times and throughout most of the world in modern times, interregional trade has been substantial. The village market of fair, the itinerant (巡游的) merchant or peddle, and the shop where customers could have such goods as shoes and furniture made to order were features of marketing up in rural Europe.
选项 A、the goods are used directly by its producer there
B、the division of labour is developed there
C、there are few consumers there
D、their production is distributed widely
答案A
解析 第10行起“in the subsistence farm”，“there is little need for exchange good”，即不需要marketing。因为“production is for direct use”，故选A。
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