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  3. Historian Colin Calloway argues that in the late colonial period preceding the American Revolution (1775-1783), the British gove

Historian Colin Calloway argues that in the late colonial period preceding the American Revolution (1775-1783), the British gove

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问题     Historian Colin Calloway argues that in the late colonial period preceding the American Revolution (1775-1783), the British government sought to seal off territory west of the Appalachian Mountain from the encroachment of land-hungry White settlers, to negotiate with Native American peoples as independent foreign states, and to guarantee the integrity of traditional native American hunting grounds. By contrast, White Americans, released by the out break of the Revolution from the constraints of Britain’s allegedly benevolent policies, are portrayed by Calloway as ruthless land-grabbers whose new national government endorsed their rapacity. Bernard Bailyn argues, however, that the “Americans” who encroached on Native American land during the Revolution had been British only a few years before. When, during and after the Revolution, White Americans seized Native American land by any available means, they were continuing a tradition dating back to the earliest years of English settlement in North America. And, according to Bailyn, the British government’s prewar efforts to preserve the trans-Appalachian west for Native Americans resulted not from humanitarian virtue or ethnic tolerance but from British Merchants’ desire to maintain their lucrative trade with native Americans and the government’ s desire to control immigration and avoid costly conflict between White and Native Americans over land.
It can be inferred that both Bailyn and Calloway would probably agree with which of the following assertions regarding the relations between White Americans and Native Americans concerning the trans-Appalachian west
选项 A、The American Revolution unleashed an unprecedented wave of expropriation of Native American land by White settlers.
B、The British government’s prewar policy towards the Native Americans was determined largely by the interests of British merchants who traded with the Native Americans.
C、The British government tried to keep White settlers out of the trans-Appalachian west primarily in order to prevent disputes over land between those settlers and Native Americans.
D、The new national government created by the American Revolution had less incentive than did the British colonial government to negotiate with Native American peoples as independent foreign states.?
E、One objective of the British government’s land policy prior to the American revolution was to prevent White settlers from moving to the western side of the Appalachian Mountains.
答案E
解析 根据文章，贝林和卡洛威的共同点一共有两个：a.两个人都提及了美国白人掠夺土著人的土地(卡洛威：the encroachment of land-hungry White settlers；贝林：White Americans seized Native American land by any available means)。b.英国人不想让美国人进入阿巴拉契亚山脉以西(卡洛威：the British government sought to seal off territory west of the Appalachian Mountain from the encroachment of land-hungry White settlers；贝林：according to Bailyn, the British government’s prewar efforts to preserve the trans-Appalachian west for Native Americans)，因此选项E正确。A项卡洛威认为独立战争引发了白人的巧取豪夺，但是贝林则认为白人只是延续了英国人的传统。B项只是贝林的观点。C项只是贝林的观点。D项文中未提及积极性问题。
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