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  3. Industrial psychology is the application of various psychological techniques to the se-lection and training of industrial worker

Industrial psychology is the application of various psychological techniques to the se-lection and training of industrial worker

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问题       Industrial psychology is the application of various psychological techniques to the se-lection and training of industrial workers and to the promotion of efficient working condi-tions and techniques, as well as individual job satisfaction.
     The selection of workers for particular jobs is essentially a problem of discovering the special aptitudes and techniques, and personality characteristics needed for the job and of devising tests to determine whether candidates have such aptitudes and characteristics. The development of tests of this kind has long been a field of psychological research. Once the worker is on the job and has been trained, the fundamental aim of the industrial psycholo-gist is to find ways in which a particular job can best be accomplished with a minimum of effort and a maximum of individual satisfaction. The psychologist’s function, therefore, differs from that of the so-called efficiency expert, who places primary emphasis on in-creased production. Psychological techniques used to lessen the effort involved in a given job include a detailed study of the motion required to do the job, the equipment used, and the conditions under which the job is performed. After making such a study, the in-dustrial psychologist often determines that the job in question may be accomplished with less effort by changing the routine motions of the work itself, changing or moving the tools, improving the working conditions, or a combination of several of these methods.
       Industrial psychologists have also studied the effects of fatigue on workers to de-termine the length of working time that yields the greatest productivity. In some cases such studies have proven that total production on particular jobs could be increased by re-ducing the number of working hours or by increasing the number of rest periods, or "breaks", during the day. Industrial psychologists may also suggest less direct require-ments for general improvement of job performance, such as establishing a better line of communication between employees and management.
The industrial psychologist’s function differs from that of the efficiency experts in that the former______.
选项 A、places great emphasis on maximum production
B、cares little about the increase of production
C、is mainly concerned with workers’ satisfaction
D、worries a lot about those workers in poor working conditions
答案B
解析 题句的意思是：“产业心理学家的职能不同于效率专家的职能在于，前者……”。定位到第二段中的The psychologist’s function，therefore，differs from that of the so-called efficiency expert，who places primary emphasis on increased production．(因此，心理学家的职能不同于效率专家，效率专家首先关注的是增加生产。)由此可知，产业心理学家主要的职能不是关注生产的增加，故B对。C项过于片面，因为如第一段第一句所说，心理学家的职能是促成高效工作条件、技术和个人对工作的满意度，“个人对工作的满意度”仅仅是其职能的一部分。
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