首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Yet the difference in tone and language must strike us, as soon as it is philosophy that speaks: that change should remind us th
Yet the difference in tone and language must strike us, as soon as it is philosophy that speaks: that change should remind us th
admin
2010-07-19
20
问题
Yet the difference in tone and language must strike us, as soon as it is philosophy that speaks: that change should remind us that even if the function of religion and that of reason coincide, this function is performed in the two eases by very different organs. Religions are many, reason one. Religion consists of conscious ideas, hopes, enthusiasms, and objects of worship; it operates by grace and flourishes by prayer. Reason, on the other hand, is a mere principle or potential order, on which indeed we may come to reflect but which exists in us ideally only, without variation or stress of any kind. We conform or do not conform to it; it does not urge or chide us, not call for any emotions on our part other than those naturally aroused by the various objects which it unfolds in their true nature and proportion. Religion brings some order into life by weighting it with new materials. Reason adds to the natural materials only the perfect order which it introduces into them. Rationality is nothing but a form, an ideal constitution which experience may more or less embody. Religion is a part of experience itself, a mass of sentiments and ideas. The one is an inviolate principle, the other a changing and struggling force. And yet this struggling and changing force of religion seems to direct man toward something eternal. It seems to make for an ultimate harmony within the soul and for an ultimate harmony between the soul and all that the soul depends upon. Religion, in its intent, is a more conscious and direct pursuit of the Life of Reason than is society, science, or art, for these approach and fill out the ideal life tentatively and piecemeal, hardly regarding the foal or caring for the ultimate justification of the instinctive aims. Religion also has an instinctive and blind side and bubbles up in all manner of chance practices and intuitions; soon, however, it feels its way toward the heart of things, and from whatever quarter it may come, veers in the direction of the ultimate.
Nevertheless, we must confess that this religious pursuit of the Life of Reason has been singularly abortive. Those within the pale of each religion may prevail upon themselves, to express satisfaction with its results, thanks to a fond partiality in reading the past and generous draughts of hope for the future; but any one regarding the various religions at once and comparing their achievements with what reason requires, must feel how terrible is the disappointment which they have one and all prepared for mankind. Their chief anxiety has been to offer imaginary remedies for mortal ills, some of which are incurable essentially, while others might have been really cured by well-directed effort. The Greed oracles, for instance, pretended to heal our natural ignorance, which has its appropriate though difficult cure, while the Christian vision of heaven pretended to be an antidote to our natural death—the inevitable correlate of birth and of a changing and conditioned existence. By methods of this sort little can be done for the real betterment of life. To confuse intelligence and dislocate sentiment by gratuitous fictions is a short-sighted way of pursuing happiness. Nature is soon avenged. An unhealthy exaltation and a one-sided morality have to be followed by regrettable reactions. When these come, the real rewards of life may seem vain to a relaxed vitality, and the very name of virtue may irritate young spirits untrained in and natural excellence. Thus religion too often debauches the morality it comes to sanction and impedes the science it ought to fulfill.
What is the secret of this ineptitude? Why does religion, so near to rationality in its purpose, fall so short of it in its results? The answer is easy; religion pursues rationality through the imagination. When it explains events or assigns causes, it is an imaginative substitute for science. When it gives precepts, insinuates ideals, or remolds aspiration, it is an imaginative substitute for wisdom—I mean for the deliberate and impartial pursuit of all food. The condition and the aims of life are both represented in religion poetically, but this poetry tends to arrogate to itself literal truth and moral authority, neither of which it possesses. Hence the depth and importance of religion becomes intelligible no less than its contradictions and practical disasters. Its object is the same as that of reason, but its method is to proceed by intuition and by unchecked poetical conceits.
The author states that religion differs from rationality in that ______.
选项
A、it relies on intuition rather than reasoning
B、it is not concerned with the ultimate justification of its instinctive aims
C、it has disappointed mankind
D、it has inspired mankind
答案
D
解析
它激起人类的情感。第一段中说“宗教的挣扎与不断变化的力量似乎促使人追求某种永恒的东西,它似乎追求灵魂的最终和谐以及灵魂与灵魂所依赖的事物之间的永恒的和谐。”
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/Ao3YFFFM
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
ThebiggestproblemfacingChileasitpromotesitselfasatouristdestinationtobereckonedwith,isthatitisattheendof
"VisualMusic"isafine-tuned,highlydiverting,deceptivelyradicalexhibitionabouttherelationshipofmusicandmodemart,
Wecaninferfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthattheindustrialistsdisregardenvironmentalprotectionchieflybecause______.T
WhatisthecauseoftheproblemthatpeoplelivingonpartsofthesouthcoastofEnglandface?Accordingtotheauthor,when
Cooperationistheonlysafeguardwehaveagainstthedevelopmentofneurotictendencies.Itisthereforeveryimportantthatch
AFrenchman,thepsychologistAlfredBinet,publishedthefirststandardizedtestofhumanintelligencein1905.ButitwasanA
OppositiontotheVietnamWarintheUnitedStatesdevelopedimmediatelyafterthebeginningofthewar,chieflyamongtradition
1 "Internationalcommunication"iscommunicationbetweenmembersofdifferentcultures.Thisdefinitionissimple.Butt
Forwelloveracentury,onestreetinNewYorkCityhasbeenknownastheheartoftheAmericantheater.Thenameofthestreet
Specializationcanbeseenasaresponsetotheproblemofanincreasingaccumulationofscientificknowledge.Bysplittingupt
随机试题
素体表虚,复因外感,恶风汗出,发热脉浮缓,当首选
简述细菌荚膜的定义与临床意义。
关于色素痣的描述,下列哪项是错误的
加碘预防地方性甲状腺肿是克汀病人给予甲状腺素是
郁证,咽中不适,如有物梗阻,咽之不下,咯之不出,胸中闷窒,证属()。
患儿,男性,4个月。因腹泻伴呕吐3天,尿少1天入院。患儿平时发育正常,人工喂养,3天来每日大便15~20次,每次量较多,呈蛋花汤样,呕吐4~5次/天,为胃内容物。查体:体温37℃,脉搏140次/分,呼吸30次/分,血压60/40mmHg。精神萎靡,面色苍白
海水环境属于混凝土结构的环境类别的( )。
微型计算机常用打印机有______、______和______。
A、Itcanneverbedoneevenwithhightechnology.B、Itisthebestwaytorestoredamagedeyesight.C、Itisamajorachievement
据新华社(XinhuaNewsAgency)报道,中国人每年浪费的食物约等同于5000万吨粮食。让人更为震惊的是,大学生浪费的食物数量是全国平均量的两倍。为了减少粮食浪费,许多高校食堂纷纷采取各种措施。通过提高饭菜的质量、提供小份菜等举措鼓励学生参与“
最新回复
(
0
)