2. 外语
  3. You will now listen to part of a lecture. You will then be asked a question about it. After you hear the question, give yourself

You will now listen to part of a lecture. You will then be asked a question about it. After you hear the question, give yourself

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问题 You will now listen to part of a lecture. You will then be asked a question about it. After you hear the question, give yourself 20 seconds to prepare your response. Then record yourself speaking for 60 seconds.
Listen to Track 60.

Using points and examples from the talk, explain the difference between active and passive attention.
Narrator
Now listen to part of a talk in an education class.
Professor
One of the hardest parts of teaching is keeping your students’ attention. Now, the key to doing this is understanding the concept of attention.
Basically, there are two types of attention. The first type is active. Active attention is voluntary—it’s when you intentionally make yourself focus on something. And since it requires effort, it’s hard to keep up for a long time. OK, so, um, let’s say you’re teaching a ... a biology class. And today’s topic is frogs. All right, you’re standing at the front of the room and lecturing: "A frog is a type of animal known as an amphibian ..." Well, this isn’t necessarily going to keep the students’ interest. But most of them will force themselves to pay active attention to your lecture ... but it’s only a matter of time before they get distracted.
Now, the other type of attention is passive attention—when it’s involuntary. Passive attention requires no effort, because it happens naturally. If something’s really interesting, students don’t have to force themselves to pay attention to it—they do it without even thinking about it. So back to our biology lecture. You start talking about frogs, and then you pull a live frog out of your briefcase. You’re describing it while you hold it up .. . show the students how long its legs are and how they’re used for jumping, for example. Then maybe you even let the frog jump around a bit on the desk or the floor. In this case, by doing something unexpected . . . something more engaging, you can tap into their passive attention. And it can last much longer than active attention; as long as the frog’s still there, your students will be interested.
Narrator
Using points and examples from the talk, explain the difference between active and passive attention.
选项
答案 This particular question requires you to summarize the contents of a lecture you hear. In your response, you should talk about the two different kinds of attention that the professor describes. The order in which you discuss the two types of attention is not important as long as you discuss both types fully and make clear what is different about them. The professor says that active attention is voluntary; it occurs when people force themselves to pay attention to something. A boring lecture about frogs will require students to pay active attention, but they will not be able to maintain their attention for long. You would then talk about passive attention. Passive attention is involuntary and requires no effort to maintain, unlike active attention, which does require effort; it occurs when people are naturally interested in the material. If a teacher pulls out a live frog, the students become more interested and passive attention is maintained. You should budget your time so that you are able to include a good summary of both types of attention and talk about both examples of the frog lecture. Your response should be intelligible, should demonstrate effective use of grammar and vocabulary, and should be well developed and coherent.
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