首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In place of the king, two chief executives were chosen annually by the whole body of citizens. These were known as praetors, or
In place of the king, two chief executives were chosen annually by the whole body of citizens. These were known as praetors, or
admin
2010-03-25
34
问题
In place of the king, two chief executives were chosen annually by the whole body of citizens. These were known as praetors, or leaders, but later received the title of consuls. The participation of a colleague in the exercise of supreme power and the limitation of the tenure to one year prevented the chief magistrate from becoming autocratic. The character of the Senate was altered by the enrollment of plebeian members, known as conscripti, and hence the official designation of the senators thereafter was patres conscripti (conscript fathers). As yet, only patricians were eligible for the magistracies, and the discontent of the plebs led to a violent struggle between the two orders and the gradual removal of the social and political disabilities under which the plebs had labored.
In 494 BC a secession of plebeian soldiers led to the institution of the tribuni plebis, who were elected annually as protectors of the plebs; they had the power to veto the acts of patrician magistrates, and thus served as the leaders of the plebs in the struggles with the patricians. The appointment of the decemvirate, a commission of ten men, in 451 BC resulted in the drawing up of a famous code of laws. In 445 BC, under the Canuleian law, marriages between patricians and members of the plebs were declared legally valid. By the Licinian-Sextian laws, passed in 367 BC, it was provided that one of the two consuls should thenceforth be plebeian. The other magistracies were gradually opened to the plebs: in 356 BC the dictatorship, an extraordinary magistracy, the incumbent of which was appointed in times of great danger; in 350 BC, the censorship; in 337 BC, the praetorship; and in 300 BC, the pontifical and augural colleges.
These political changes gave rise to a new aristocracy, composed of patrician and wealthy plebeian families, and admission to the Senate became almost the hereditary privilege of these families. The Senate, which had originally possessed little administrative power, became a powerful governing body, dealing with matters of war and peace, foreign alliances, the founding of colonies, and the handling of the state finances. The rise of this new nobilitas brought to an end the struggles between the two orders, but the position of the poorer plebeian families was not improved, and the marked contrast between the conditions of the rich and the poor led to struggles in the later Republic between the aristocratic party and the popular party.
The external history of Rome during this period was chiefly military. Rome had acquired the leadership of Latium before the close of the regal period. Assisted by their allies, the Romans fought wars against the Etruscans, the Volscians, and the Aequians. The military policy of Rome became more aggressive in the 60 years between 449 and 390 BC. The defeat of the Romans at Allia and the capture and burning of Rome by the Gauls under the leadership of the chieftain Brennus in 390 BC were great disasters, but their effect was temporary. The capture of the Etruscan city of Veil in 396 BC by the soldier and statesman Marcus Furius Camillus spelled the beginning of the end for Etruscan independence. Other Etruscan cities hastened to make peace, and by the middle of the 4th century BC all southern Etruria was kept in check by Roman garrisons and denationalized by an influx of Roman colonists. Victories over the Volscians, the Latins, and the Hernicans gave the Romans control of central Italy and brought them into conflict with the Samnites of southern Italy, who were defeated in a series of three wars, extending from 343 to 290 BC. A revolt of the Latins and Volscians was put down, and in 338 BC the Latin League, a long-established confederation of the cities of Latium, was dissolved. A powerful coalition was at this time formed against Rome, consisting of Etruscans, Umbrians, and Gauls in the north, and of Lucanians, Bruttians, and Sanmites in the south; this coalition endangered the power of Rome, but the northern confederacy was defeated in 283 BC and the southern states soon after
In 450 BC, the plebs ______.
选项
A、had their own magistrate
B、were allowed to marry the patricians
C、must obey the famous Licinian-Sextian law
D、had their own leaders who could veto the acts of the nobles
答案
D
解析
题目中的时间很重要,公元前450年。以此为依据在第二段中进行判断。在公元前494年时,出现了护民官(tribuni plebis)机制,保护平民,但他们不是治安官,故A错误;B所说的平民和贵族通婚则始于公元前445年,晚于公元前450年,故错误:C所说的法律,根据此段可知,通过于公元前367年,时间也是错误的;答案D则反映了护民官的出现,故正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/AO4YFFFM
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Mostpeoplecanrememberaphonenumberforuptothirtyseconds.Whenthisshortamountoftimeelapses,however,thenumbersa
Mostpeoplecanrememberaphonenumberforuptothirtyseconds.Whenthisshortamountoftimeelapses,however,thenumbersa
Thewaywecontactwitheachotherischanging;emailisboththecatalystandinstrumentofthattremendousandsurprisingchan
A、Itmakeschildrenlovetheirparentsmorethanever.B、Itteacheschildrentobeconfidentandindependent.C、Itprovideschil
PresidentBushonWednesdayissuedhissecondvetoofameasureliftinghisrestrictionsonhumanembryonicstemcellexperiment
PresidentBushonWednesdayissuedhissecondvetoofameasureliftinghisrestrictionsonhumanembryonicstemcellexperiment
Itisestimatedthatapproximately350,000managersareneededinChina.WithChina’sentryintoWTO,thedemandforMBAgraduat
Itisestimatedthatapproximately350,000managersareneededinChina.WithChina’sentryintoWTO,thedemandforMBAgraduat
Itisatimewornsignofoldageandfrailty.Yetarthritisoften【1】______theyoung.【1】______This
Itisatimewornsignofoldageandfrailty.Yetarthritisoften【1】______theyoung.【1】______This
随机试题
Youlooksotiredtonight.Itistimeyou______.
下列关于高分子溶液的正确表述是()。
下列情况中,不允许从增值税销售额中扣除的有()。
贷款展期按展期期限加上原期限,其累计贷款期限达到新的期限档次时,从贷款展期之日起,按新的期限档次利率计息。()
全陪、地陪和景区景点导游虽分工不同,但是他们也有共同的职责:()。
下列属于再造想象的是()
关于“制定物权法是完善社会主义市场经济的必然要求”这一说法,下列选项正确的是()。
一个投资者投资了一个有效组合,该组合的标准差15%,市场组合的风险溢价和标准差分别为6%和10%。(1)计算该有效组合的风险溢价。(2)根据计算过程简要分析该组合风险溢价的决定因素。
有期徒刑
在考生文件夹下存在一个数据库文件“samp2.accdb”,里面已经设计好三个关联表对象“tStud”、“tCourse”、“tScore”和一个空表“tTemp”,试按以下要求完成设计:创建一查询,查找并输出姓名是三个字的男女学生各自的人数,字段显示
最新回复
(
0
)