首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
What is a port city? As a center of land-sea exchange, a major source of livelihood, a major force for cultural【1】, the port
What is a port city? As a center of land-sea exchange, a major source of livelihood, a major force for cultural【1】, the port
admin
2011-01-08
43
问题
What is a port city?
As a center of land-sea exchange, a major source of livelihood, a major force for cultural【1】, the port cities have many different points with other kinds of cities:
Ⅰ. Port and harbour
1) Harbour is a physical concept, a【2】for ships;
2) Port is an economic concept, a center of【3】.
Ⅱ. Port cities and non-port cities
Many of the world’s biggest cities, for example, London, New York, Shanghai, Istanbul, Buenos Aires, Tokyo, Jakarta, Calcutta, Philadelphia and【4】began as ports.
Ⅲ. Port functions
The most important functions of port are making a city【5】. In it races, cultures, (6) , as well as goods from a variety of places, jostle, mix and enrich each other and the life of the city.
Ⅳ. Transformed sea port
Sea ports have been transformed by the advent of powered vessels so many formerly important ports have become economically and physically【7】as a result.
Ⅴ. Basic function of the port cities
【8】the city is port cities’ basic function. For example, Shanghai, did most of its trade with other Chinese ports and inland cities. Calcutta traded mainly with other parts of India and so on.
Ⅵ. Other activities
No city can be simply a port but must be involved in a variety of other activities, and a city may still be regarded as a port city when it becomes involved in a great range of functions not immediately involved with ships【9】.
Ⅶ. The location of the chief commercial and administrative center in port cities
Cities which began as ports retain the chief commercial and administrative center of the city close to【10】.
【3】
What is a port city?
Hello, everyone. In today’s lecture I’d like to talk something about the port city. Just as we all know, the port city provides a fascinating and rich understanding of the movement of people and goods around the world. We understand a port as a center of land-sea exchange, and as a major source of livelihood and a major force for cultural mixing. But do ports all produce a range of common urban characteristics which justify classifying port cities together under a single generic label? Do they have enough in common to warrant distinguishing them from other kinds cities.
The following are some points about that:
First of all, a port must be distinguished from a harbour. They are two very different things. Most ports have poor harbours, and many fine harbours see few ships. Harbour is a physical concept, a shelter for ships; port is an economic concept, a center of land-sea exchange which requires good access to a hinterland even more than a sea-linked foreland. It is handward access, which is productive of goods for export and which demands imports, that is critical. Poor harbours can be improved with breakwaters and dredging if there is a demand for a port. Madras and Colombo are examples of harbours expensively improved by enlarging, dredging and building breakwaters.
Port cities become industrial, financial and service centers and political capitals because of their water connections and the urban concentration which arises there and later draws to it railways, highways and air routes. Water transport means cheap access, the chief basis of all port cities. Many of the world’s biggest cities, for example, London, New York, Shanghai, Istanbul, Buenos Aires, Tokyo, Jakarta, Calcutta, Philadelphia and San Francisco began as ports--that is, with land-sea exchange as their major function--but they have since grown disproportionately in other respects so that their port functions are no longer dominant. They remain different kinds of places from non-port cities and their port functions account for that difference.
Port functions, more than anything else, make a city cosmopolitan. A port city is open to the world. In it races, cultures, and idea, as will as goods from a variety of places, jostle, mix and enrich each other and the life of the city. The smell of the sea and the harbour, the sound of boat whistles or the moving tides are symbols of their multiple links with a wide world, samples of which are present in microcosm within their own urban areas.
Sea ports have been transformed by the advent of powered vessels, whose size and draught have increased. Many formerly important ports have become economically and physically less accessible as a result. By-passed by most of their former enriching flow of exchange, they have become cultural and economic backwaters or have acquired the character of museums of the past. Examples of these are Charleston, Salem, Bristol, Plymouth, Surat, Galle, Melaka, Suzhou chow, and a long list of earlier prominent port cities in Southeast Asia, Africa and Latin America.
Much domestic port trade has not been recorded. What evidence we have suggests that domestic trade was greater at all periods than external trade. Shanghai, for example, did most of its trade with other Chinese ports and inland cities. Calcutta traded mainly with other parts of India and so on. Most of any city’s population is engaged in providing goods and services for the city itself. Trade outside the city is its basic function. But each basic worker requires food, housing, clothing and other such services. Estimates of the ratio of basic to service workers range from 1:4 to 1:8.
No city can be simply a port but must be involved in a variety of other activities. The port function of the city draws to it raw materials and distributes them in many other forms. Ports take advantage of the need for breaking up the bulk material where water and land transport meet and where loading and unloading costs can be minimized by refining raw materials or turning them into finished goods. The major examples here are oil refining and ore refining, which are commonly located at ports. It is not easy to draw a line around what is and is not a port function. All ports handle, unload, sort, alter, process, repack, and reship most of what they receive. A city may still be regarded as a port city when it becomes involved in a great range of functions not immediately involved with ships or docks.
Cities which began as ports retain the chief commercial and administrative center of the city close to the waterfront. The center of New York is in lower Manhattan between two river mouths, the City of London is on the Thames, Shanghai along the Bund. This proximity to water is also tree of Boston, Philadelphia, Bombay, Calcutta, Madras, Singapore, Bangkok, Hong Kong and Yokohama, where the commercial, financial, and administrative centers are still grouped around their harbours even though each city has expanded into a metropolis. Even a casual visitor cannot mistake them as anything but port cities.
选项
答案
land-sea exchange
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/9duYFFFM
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Inthelate1960smanypeopleinNorthAmericaturnedtheirattentiontoenvironmentalproblems,andnewsteel-and-glassskyscra
Nowastothematteroflying.Youwanttobeverycarefulaboutlying;otherwiseyouarenearlysuretogetcaught.Oncecaught
Nowastothematteroflying.Youwanttobeverycarefulaboutlying;otherwiseyouarenearlysuretogetcaught.Oncecaught
ThenumberofscientistsandengineersgoingtoAmericatostudyandworkisdroppingprecipitously.Animportantreasonisthe
"VisualMusic"isafine-tuned,highlydiverting,deceptivelyradicalexhibitionabouttherelationshipofmusicandmodernart,
JosephMachlissaysthatthebluesisanativeAmericanmusicalandverseform,withnodirectEuropeanandAfricanantecedents
WomenandtheWinningoftheWestThepopularversionofthelonewagontrain,forgingitswaywest,inconstantdangeroflo
AboutWetlandsintheU.S.A.Peopleenjoyafamoussoup(SHE-CRABSOUP)inNorthCarolinabecausethedaysoftheregionalso
WalterScottisthefirstmajor______,exertingapowerfulliteraryinfluencebothinBritainandontheContinentthroughoutth
WithHowells,James,andMarkTwainactiveontheliteraryscene,______becamethemajortrendinAmericanliteratureinthese
随机试题
在政治社会化过程中,最系统化和规范化的影响因素是()
师说韩愈古之学者必有师。师者,所以传道受业解惑也。人非生而知之者,孰能无惑?惑而不从师,其为惑也,终不解矣。生乎吾前,其闻道也固先乎吾,吾从而师之;生乎吾后,其闻道也亦先乎吾,吾从而师之。吾师道也,夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎?是故
梁板式肋形楼板中,其主梁梁高应为跨度(),梁宽为梁高的()。
上市公司出现()情形可以向证券交易所申请退市。Ⅰ.上市股东大会决议主动撤回其股票在证券交易所的交易,并决定不再在该交易所交易Ⅱ.上市公司被其他公司实施控股合并Ⅲ.上市公司股东大会决议公司解散Ⅳ.他人向所有股东发出收购或收购全部或者部分股份要
自动化控制系统的组成部分有()。
阅读下列资料,回答问题。下列表述中,错误的是:
如果儿童能够认识到不同的个体在知觉信息完全相同的情况下,通过各自不同的建构、解释而对情境持有不同的信念,那么说明儿童
犯罪分子为日后向甲勒索财物,用枪威逼甲杀死一名路人并录像。甲的杀人行为属于()(2018年一专一第2题)
根据题意设X1,X2,…,Xn是一个简单随机样本,因此X1,X2,…,Xn相互独立,且与总体同分布,从而可知[*]
有以下程序:#include<stdio.h>voidfun(intn,int*s){intf1,t2;if(n==1||n==2)*s=1;else
最新回复
(
0
)