2. 考研
  3. The atmosphere that originally surrounded Earth was probably much different from the air we breathe today. Earth’s first atmosph

The atmosphere that originally surrounded Earth was probably much different from the air we breathe today. Earth’s first atmosph

admin2017-09-26  36
问题     The atmosphere that originally surrounded Earth was probably much different from the air we breathe today. Earth’s first atmosphere(some 4. 6 billion years ago)was most likely hydrogen and helium. The two most abundant gasses found in the universe—as well as hydrogen compounds, such as methane and ammonia, most scientists feel that this early atmosphere escaped into space from the Earth’s hot surface.
    A second, denser atmosphere, however, gradually enveloped Earth as gasses. From molten rocks within its hot interior escaped through volcanoes and steam vents. We assume that volcanoes spewed out the same gasses then as they do today: mostly water vapor(about 90 percent), carbon dioxide(about ten percent), and up to a few percent nitrogen. These same gasses probably created Earth’s second atmosphere.
    As millions of years passed, the constant outpouring of gasses from the hot interior—known as out gassing—provided a rich supply of water vapor, which formed into clouds. Rain fell upon Earth for many thousands or years, forming the rivers, lakes, and oceans of the world. During this Lime, large amounts of carbon dioxide were dissolved in the oceans. Through chemical and biological processes, much of the carbon dioxide became locked up in carbon sedimentary rocks, such as limestone. With much of the water vapor already condensed into water and the concentration of carbon dioxide dwindling, the atmosphere gradually became rich nitrogen.
    It appears that oxygen, the second most abundant gas in today’s atmosphere, probably began an extremely slow increase in concentration as energetic rays from the sun split water vapor into hydrogen and oxygen during a process called photo dissociation. The hydrogen, being lighter, probably rose and escaped into space, while the oxygen remained in the atmosphere.
    This slow increase in oxygen may have provided enough of this gas for primitive plants to evolve, perhaps two to three billion years ago. Or the plants may have evolved in an almost oxygen-free(anaerobic)environment. At any rate, plant growth greatly enriched our atmosphere with oxygen. The reason for this enrichment is that plants, in the presence of sunlight, process carbon dioxide and water to produce oxygen.
According to the passage out gassing eventually led to all is closest in meaning to all of the following EXCEPT______.
选项 A、the formation of bodies of water
B、increases in the carbon dioxide content of sedimentary rocks
C、the formation of clouds
D、decreases in the level of nitrogen
答案D
解析 细节题。通过第三段内容可知，A、B、C三项都是排出的气体最终形成的东西。只 有D项不符合文意。所以，答案是D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/9cJjFFFM
0

在职申硕（同等学力）英语

相关试题推荐
随机试题
最新回复(0)