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  3. Japan is going through a complex national identity crisis. That may be no bad thing, says a new book by an American researcher.

Japan is going through a complex national identity crisis. That may be no bad thing, says a new book by an American researcher.

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问题 Japan is going through a complex national identity crisis. That may be no bad thing, says a new book by an American researcher. The economy is ceased making progress, but the society is in motion. Japan is a difficult country to report on and analyze because things do not change in big, noticeable ways. They change, in an increasing process, generally of small steps but which, over time, can add up to big movements. And just such a big movement seems to be taking place.
Mr. Nathan has been observing Japan since the 1960s. Whereas most people look at economic data or the comings and goings Of prime ministers, he is more interested in schools, novels, comic books, and the minds of young entrepreneurs and maverick (持不同意见的) local politicians. In particular, his focus is on whether Japan’s famously cohesive, conformist society may be breaking under the strain of economic stagnation (停滞), and on how such strains have been affecting the country’s sense of purpose and of national identity.
Fractures are what he looks for and fractures are what he finds. On balance, they arc neither obviously dangerous nor obviously positive, but they arc, as he says, signs of motion which could, in time, lead in unpredictable directions. The most worrying fractures he writes about are in the schools where violence and truancy (逃学) have risen remarkably. Old Japan hands shrug wearily at such things, for worries about bullying (暴力行为) have long existed but have never really seemed terribly serious. Now, though, Mr. Nathan’s numbers do make the situation look grave.
Such trends appear to be symptoms of two related phenomena: a widespread feeling of disillusionment, alienation, uncertainty or plain anger, which has spread to children, too; and a gradual breakdown of old systems of discipline—part familial, part social, part legal—which, appear to prevent schools and parents from dealing effectively with errant children.
Japan is, in short, passing through a national identity crisis. However, there are plenty of positive aspects to it, too. One is a considerable increase in the number of actual or budding young entrepreneurs. The numbers remain modest, but are nevertheless surprisingly high given the state of the economy in recent years. Another is a new eagerness among popular writers and maverick politicians to try to define and encourage a new national pride.
选项 A、They are always accompanied by a national identity crisis.
B、They often happen in large scale but end up in small effect.
C、They often take place simply while resulting in huge accumulative consequences.
D、They often take place without being analyzed and reported because of their complexity.
答案C
解析 由题干中的the social changes in Japanese society定位到原文首段第四句Japan is a difficult country to report on and analyze because things do not change in big, noticeable ways．[精析] 推理判断题[考频：66]。该句说，其实很难报道日本和分析日本，因为在日本，事情不是以大规模以及人们可以注意得到的方式发生变化的。下文还说，日本变化采取渐进式，最后也会有很大的变动。由此推知，C)“通常不起眼地发生，但也会因累积而产生巨大的后果”与之符合，故为正确答案。[避错] A)“总是伴随国民身份认同危机”说法太绝对，国民身份认同危机本身属于社会变化，逻辑上也不通，排除；B)“通常在大范围内产生并以很小的影响而结束”与原文“不是以大规模以及人们可以注意得到的方式发生变化的”和“最后也会有很大的变动”含义相悖，排除；D)说的是“他们通常由于复杂性而没有被分析和报道”不符合原文，原文说“日本很难报道和分析，由于变化不是大规模的”，故排除。
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