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Humans are having a hard enough time coping with the natural variability in our environment, which causes disasters such as heat

admin2015-03-20  57
问题     Humans are having a hard enough time coping with the natural variability in our environment, which causes disasters such as heat waves, wildfires and floods. Waiting without actions makes all three of those problems—and many more—worse.
    That was the serious warning from the world’s scientific community last week, in the latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC). The U.N.-chartered body produced its first comprehensive report since 2007 on the climate changes.
    There are some things the scientists are very confident will happen in a warming world over the next century. Sea levels will rise, threatening coastal cities and low-lying nations. Island states could get hit very hard. There are probably going to be relatively more extremely hot days than extremely cold ones, and food-borne illnesses will probably increase.
    But part of the risk of climate Change is that scientists don’t have a crystal ball to foretell how, exactly, the environment will respond to rising temperatures, and they are trying to predict effects over the course of decades. The experts anticipate that forests could die off and that wetland and rain forest ecosystems could crumble. They anticipate effects on water systems just about everywhere: more flooding in many places, less water in dry areas, more humidity inhibiting human labor in wetter climes.
    There could also be some positive effects for some, the experts note. They predict fewer deaths due to cold, but more due to heat. Some areas of the planet, particularly in higher latitudes, might be come more fertile. But lower crop yields elsewhere will outweigh those benefits. Indeed, the planet’s green lands along the equator might be much worse off. The scientists, for example, predict that fish and other aquatic life will flee elsewhere as ocean temperatures change. And, of course, there could be effects, good and bad, that the experts aren’t anticipating. That shouldn’t be comforting.
    The experts leave little doubt about the right response: Cut pollution to head off the worst possible consequences and prepare for the risks the world is unlikely to avoid, given its inability to slash emissions quickly. Delaying action, they note, reduces the world’s options and affords vulnerable people less time to cope. Isn’t it time we did something?
What can we infer from the text?
选项 A、Climate change has caused great damage to most countries in the world.
B、To stop climate change will greatly improve the development of the world.
C、It is urgent for human beings to take measures to prevent climate change.
D、Human beings should build man-made highlands to avoid floods.
答案C
解析 通读全文后可知：文章前两段在讲人类正艰难地应对环境变化带来的问题；第三、四、五段介绍了气候变化将会带来的各种灾难；最后一段，引用专家的观点表明，减少污染可阻止可能出现的最坏后果，并指出，延迟行动会减少世界的选择及人类应对灾难的时间，并号召人类采取行动，应对气候变化。因此，文章的主题是要号召人类共同抵制气候变化。由此判断，C项“人类采取行动阻止气候变化已迫在眉睫”符合题意。A项“气候变化已经给世界上大多数国家造成了巨大损失”与题意不符。B项“阻止气候变化将大大提高世界发展”偏离了文章主题，文章并未涉及世界发展的情况。D项“人类应该建造人造高地应对洪水”属于过度推断，与题意不符。
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