2. 外语
  3. Human intelligence and the IQ scales used to measure it once again are becoming the focus of fiery debate. As argument rages

Human intelligence and the IQ scales used to measure it once again are becoming the focus of fiery debate. As argument rages

admin2019-01-25  47
问题     Human intelligence and the IQ scales used to measure it once again are becoming the focus of fiery debate.
    As argument rages over declining test scores in the nation’s schools, an old but explosive issue is reappearing: What is intelligence—and is it determined largely by genetics?
    The controversy erupted more than a decade ago when some U. S. scholars saw a racial pattern in the differing scores of students taking intelligence and college-entrance tests.
    Now, the racial issue is being joined by others. Teachers, psychologists, scientists and lawyers argue over the question of whether IQ—intelligence quotient—tests actually measure mental ability, or if findings are skewed by such factors as family background, poverty and emotional disorders.
    Moreover, some authorities assert that the rise in the number of college-educated Americans and their tendency to marry among themselves are creating a class of supersmart children of brainy parents—and, on the other side of the scale, a lumpenproletariat of children reflecting the supposedly inferior brainpower of their parents.
    Critics such as Harvard University biologist Richard C. Lewontin disagree. If mental ability were largely determined by inheritance, he says, efforts to enhance intelligence through the betterment of both home and child-rearing environments could only be marginally effective. He comments :
    " Genetic determinism could be used to justify existing social injustice as predetermined and inevitable and would render efforts made toward equalitarian goals as useless. "
    Supporting Lewontin in this is J. McVicker Hunt, a professor at the University of Illinois, who maintains that IQ levels can be raised significantly by exposing children at an early age to stimulating environments. Hunt’s studies show that early help in such areas as education and nutrition can raise a child’s IQ by an average of 30 to 35 points.
    At stake in the uproar over IQ is the national commitment to improve the capabilities of the poor by investing billions of dollars annually in educational, medical and job programs.
From the text we can infer that
选项 A、the commitment to improve the capacities of the poor will hardly be made.
B、the investment in educational, medical and job programs is non-profitable.
C、the author disapproves the idea of genetic determination.
D、there will soon be an uproar over IQ tests.
答案C
解析 该题为细节题。最后一句为倒装句，正常语序应为“The national commitment to improve the capabilities of the poor by investing billions of dollars annually in educational，medical and job programs is at stake in the uproar over IQ．”，意为，由于人们对智商及决定因素争论不休，因此，我们无法预测国家是否会每年在教育、医疗和就业项目中投入数十亿美元来提高贫困人群的能力，A项认为国家几乎不可能投入资金来提高贫困人群能力，不符合文意；B项认为对教育、医疗和就业项目的投资是无益的，是错误的；根据第三段“The controversy empted more than a decade ago when some U．S．scholars saw a racial pattern in the differing scores of students taking intelligence and college-entrance tests．”可知，关于智商及测试方法的争论在十多年前就已经出现了，D项认为围绕智商测试方法是否合理的争论将会出现，与文意矛盾。C项表明作者反对基因决定论，与文意相符，故选C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/8FfsFFFM
本试题收录于： 公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语（PETS）分类
0

公共英语四级笔试

公共英语（PETS）

相关试题推荐
随机试题
最新回复(0)