2. 外语
  3. On May 13, 1940, Winston Churchill, the newly appointed British Prime Minister, gave his first speech to Parliament, he was prep

On May 13, 1940, Winston Churchill, the newly appointed British Prime Minister, gave his first speech to Parliament, he was prep

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问题     On May 13, 1940, Winston Churchill, the newly appointed British Prime Minister, gave his first speech to Parliament, he was preparing the people for a long battle against Nazi aggression, at a time when England’s survival was still in doubt.
    "...I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.
    You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime.
    You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word. It is victory. Victory at all costs—victory in spite of all terrors—for without victory there is no survival.
    Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.
    I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, "Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength. "
选项
答案 “……我所能贡献的只有我的热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水，除此以外，再无其他。我们所面临的将是一场极其严峻的考验，是一场旷日持久的斗争与苦难。 如果你要问我们的政策是什么?那就是发动陆、海、空全面作战。尽我们全力和上帝赋予我们的全部力量去战斗，与人类黑暗、可悲的罪恶史上空前凶残的暴政作战。 如果你要问我们的目标是什么?我可以用一个词来回答，那就是胜利。不惜一切代价去夺取胜利——不惧一切恐怖去夺取胜利——因为没有胜利就无法生存下去。 我们必须让这个目标得以实现，因为没有生存就不会有大英帝国，没有生存就不会有大英帝国所代表的一切，没有生存就不会有多少世纪以来促使人类朝着自己的目标奋勇前进的强烈要求和动力。”
解析 1．第二段的第一句“…I have nothing to…and sweat．”中要注意nothing but的含义，表示“除此之外，别无……”的意思。
2．第二段的第二句“We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind．”中ordeal和grievous的意思分别是“严峻的考验”和“极严重的”，“the most grievous kind”修饰前面的ordeal，可以翻译为“极其严峻的考验”。
3．第二段的第二句和第三句在结构上是并列的，因此按照汉语的习惯可以把这两句话翻译成一句，使其更简洁。
4．第三段中的第二句“I say it is to wage…”中to wage war by land，sea and air是指从海、陆、空全面发动战争。wage在文中作动词，意思是“发动(战争)”。
5．第三段的第三句“War with all our might…catalogue of human crime．”比较长，但结构简单，只需要注意几个词语的意思。
6．monstrous tyranny译为“凶残的／恐怖的暴政”。
7．surpass是“超越，超过”的意思，文中指“前所未有”。
8．lamentable指“可悲的”。
9．“without victory there is no survival”译为“不获得胜利就不能生存下去”。
10．倒数第二段第一句“let that be realized”中that即上段中所讲的our aim。
11．倒数第二段最后一句为排比结构“no survival…”，翻译成汉语时也要用相应的排比句式．体现原文的特点。
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