2. 考研
  3. Personality is to a large extent inherent—A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also hav

Personality is to a large extent inherent—A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also hav

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问题     Personality is to a large extent inherent—A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor in the lives of their children.
    One place where children soak up A-characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt "the win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying: "Rejoice, we conquer!"
    By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.
    Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A-youngsters change into B’s. The world needs all types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child’s personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.
    If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the caring professions, especially medicine could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A-type stock. B’s are important and should be encouraged.
Why does the author mention Pheidippides at the end of the second paragraph?
选项 A、He wants to show that the education in school is not good.
B、He wants to show the brute fact of A-type personality.
C、He wants to show that to live is better than to win.
D、He wants to show that B type should be encouraged more.
答案D
解析 综观全文，作者的观点是要将A类性格和B类性格结合起来教育孩子，又谈到了当前很多学校教育的现状是过分强调A类性格，因此举了费迪皮迪兹的例子来强调这一点，因此，作者的目的最终还是说要鼓励B类性格的，所以选D项。
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