首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 million
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 million
admin
2016-11-25
57
问题
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 million Americans would have access to flu shots this fall. Then British authorities, concerned about quality-control problems at a production plant in Liverpool, barred all further shipments by the Chiron Corp. Overnight, the U. S. vaccine supply dwindled by nearly half and federal health officials found themselves making an unusual plea. Instead of beseeching us all to get vaccinated, they’re now urging most healthy people between the ages of 2 and 64 not to. "This reemphasizes the fragility of our vaccine supply," says Dr. Martin Myers of the National Network for Immunization Information, " and the lack of redundancy in our system.
Why is such a basic health service so easily knocked out? Mainly because private companies have had little incentive to pursue it. To create a single dose of flu vaccine, a manufacturer has to grow live virus in a 2-week-old fertilized chicken egg, then crack the egg, harvest the virus and extract the proteins used to provoke an immune response. Profit margins are narrow, demand is fickle and, because each year’ s flu virus is different, any leftover vaccine goes to waste. As a result, the United States now has only two major suppliers (Chiron and Aventis Pasteur) —and when one of them runs into trouble, there isn’ t much the other can do about it. "A vaccine maker can’t just call up and order 40 million more fertilized eggs," says Manon Cox, of Connecticut-based Protein Sciences Corp. "There’ s a whole industry that’ s scheduled to produce a certain number of eggs at a certain time. "
Sleeker technologies are now in the works, and experts are hoping that this year’ s fiasco will speed the pace of innovation. The main challenge is to shift production from eggs into cell cultures—a medium already used to make most other vaccines. Flu vaccines are harder than most to produce this way, but several biotech companies are now pursuing this strategy, and one culture-based product (Solvay Pharmaceuticals’ Invivac) has been cleared for marketing in Europe.
For Americans, the immediate challenge is to make the most of a limited supply. The government estimates that 95 million people still qualify for shots under the voluntary restrictions announced last week. That’ s nearly twice the number of doses that clinics will have on hand, but only 60 million Americans seek out shots in a normal year. In fact, many experts are hoping the shortage will serve as an awareness campaign—encouraging the people who really need a flu shot to get one.
Shortages of flue vaccine show that______.
选项
A、America relies too much on foreign suppliers
B、the demand of flu vaccines is high this year
C、quality problem is a serious problem in flu vaccine production
D、the supply of flu vaccines is rather weak and America has no back-up measures to make it up
答案
D
解析
第一段最后一句话指出了疫苗短缺所暴露出来的问题。“This reemphasizes the fragility of our vaccine supply.”says Dr.Martin Myers of the National Network for Immunization Information,“and the lack of redundancy in our system.”“这再次凸显出我们疫苗供应的脆弱性,”全国免疫信息网的马丁·迈尔斯医生说,“此外,我们也没有必要的补救机制。”因此正确答案为D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/5OIsFFFM
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Walking—likeswimming,bicyclingandrunning—isanaerobicexercise,(31)buildsthecapacityforenergyoutputandphysicalend
Walking—likeswimming,bicyclingandrunning—isanaerobicexercise,(31)buildsthecapacityforenergyoutputandphysicalend
Walking—likeswimming,bicyclingandrunning—isanaerobicexercise,(31)buildsthecapacityforenergyoutputandphysicalend
Walking—likeswimming,bicyclingandrunning—isanaerobicexercise,(31)buildsthecapacityforenergyoutputandphysicalend
Howmanylanguagesareusedthroughouttheworldtoday?
Howmanylanguagesareusedthroughouttheworldtoday?
Throughouthistorytherehavebeenmanyunusualtaxesleviedonsuchthingsashats,beds,baths,marriages,andfunerals.At
Impatiencecharacterizesyoungintellectualworkers.Theywanttomaketheirmark(31).Soit’simportanttoget(32)tothemin
Impatiencecharacterizesyoungintellectualworkers.Theywanttomaketheirmark(31).Soit’simportanttoget(32)tothemin
随机试题
表面预处理的作用是什么?包括哪些内容?
下列哪些属于我国反垄断规则体系【】
Java语言是目前最流行的程序设计语言之一,它属于面向_______程序设计语言之一。
关于子宫肌瘤的CT表现,下列哪项不正确
心理学家安德森认为,心智技能的形成需要三个阶段,即()。
某教师在一次阶段测验中,设计了如下试题考查学生。灭火弹是一种无炸药的安全消防器材。使用时揭开上端封皮,用力投入火场,遇火瞬间弹体裂开,释放出超细干粉碳酸氢钠。碳酸氢钠受热分解,会产生大量的二氧化碳气体。①灭火弹的灭火原理是_______
一条计算机指令通常由()和操作数地址组成。
人类进入工业文明以来,第一个被公认为“世界工厂”的国家是()。
《中华民国临时约法》的主要特点就是对袁世凯加以限制和防范,对此下列各选项中正确的有
计算机系统软件中最核心、最重要的是___________。
最新回复
(
0
)