首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Less than two months into her breast cancer treatment, Alexandra Jn-Charles was called into a new room at SUNY Downstate Medical
Less than two months into her breast cancer treatment, Alexandra Jn-Charles was called into a new room at SUNY Downstate Medical
admin
2015-03-28
47
问题
Less than two months into her breast cancer treatment, Alexandra Jn-Charles was called into a new room at SUNY Downstate Medical Center, where two treating physicians, the chief medical officer and an attorney representing the hospital told her that mistakes had been made.
The skin lesions (病变) on her chest, they said, had been caused not by her illness but by the machine that was supposed to cure her. The 32-year-old had received nearly 30 radiotherapy sessions, but at this point it didn’t really make sense to count them, because a programming error had caused each installment to deliver at least three times the prescribed amount of radiation.
Jn-Charles, who died two and a half years after this meeting in 2005, would eventually come to exemplify the emergence of accidental over-radiation in U.S. hospitals. The worst off have reported skin damage, inexplicable hair loss and ribs (肋骨) buckling beneath their chests — debilitating injuries suffered while undergoing screening or treatment for something that would otherwise kill them. A steep price for survival.
These tragedies go to the core of an issue as pressing as it is uncomfortable to think about: Have advances in technology, improved treatment methods and more comprehensive screening protocols led to systematic, excessive irradiation of patients?
The answer, according to a growing number of health experts, is yes. For example, the CT scan, which has become commonplace in response to rising cancer rates, is itself thought to increase the likelihood that a person develops cancer. The scans deliver several hundred times more radiation than an X-ray — even when guidelines and dosages are followed precisely. "What we do as physicians arguably harms people," James Ehrlich, a clinical associate professor at the University of Colorado and an adviser for Premier Micronutrient Corp., told Newsweek.
A jarring example of that came in 2010, when Walt Bogdanich published an extensive review in The New York Times that listed numerous patients whose lives had been destroyed by mistakes in hospital imaging and radiotherapy. Shortly after the article series went to press, the Food and Drug Administration began to ramp up its efforts to limit excessive exposure, eventually launching its Initiative to Reduce Unnecessary Radiation Exposure from Medical Imaging.
Along with organizations like the American College of Radiology, the FDA now supports a number of so-called dose registries that allow facilities to compare radiation dose indexes to regional and national values. To date, hundreds of facilities across the U.S. have enrolled.
But the FDA’s regulatory authority is generally focused on equipment manufacturers, and compliance on the state level is never guaranteed. And even compliant facilities run the risk of over-radiating patients: A 2012 paper by the Institute of Medicine found that medical imaging is one of the leading environmental causes of breast cancer.
What does the author want to explain by exemplifying Jn-Charles?
选项
A、There is no need to waste so much money to treat breast cancer.
B、Until now, breast cancer is still an incurable illness around the world.
C、There is an increasing number of young people suffering from cancer.
D、There are incidents of excessive irradiation of patients in America.
答案
D
解析
第3段首句指出,在2005年的这次会议后,珍妮.查尔斯只活了两年半便去世了,她可能就是美国医院出现意外过度辐射的例证。由此可见,作者列举珍妮.查尔斯的例子就是为了引出本文所要探讨的过度放射问题。故D)符合题意,为答案。A)是利用该段末句设置的干扰项,文中所说的是为了治愈癌症却要冒送命的风险,这是一种昂贵的生存代价,而不是说没有必要花那么多钱去治疗癌症,故A)不符合文意,予以排除。B)和C)在原文中没有提及,都可以排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/54OFFFFM
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
CanthePCIndustryResurrectItself?A)InternetDataCenter’s(IDC)recentreportstatedthatPCshipmentsdeclined13.9%lastqu
CanthePCIndustryResurrectItself?A)InternetDataCenter’s(IDC)recentreportstatedthatPCshipmentsdeclined13.9%lastqu
CanthePCIndustryResurrectItself?A)InternetDataCenter’s(IDC)recentreportstatedthatPCshipmentsdeclined13.9%lastqu
Immigrationposestwomainchallengesfortherichworld’sgovernments.Oneishowtomanagetheinflow(流入)ofmigrants:theothe
Immigrationposestwomainchallengesfortherichworld’sgovernments.Oneishowtomanagetheinflow(流入)ofmigrants:theothe
Immigrationposestwomainchallengesfortherichworld’sgovernments.Oneishowtomanagetheinflow(流入)ofmigrants:theothe
Itisonlyrightthatthestarsshouldbepaidinthisway.Don’tthetopmeninindustryearn【B1】______salariesfortheservice
Itisonlyrightthatthestarsshouldbepaidinthisway.Don’tthetopmeninindustryearn【B1】______salariesfortheservice
Itisonlyrightthatthestarsshouldbepaidinthisway.Don’tthetopmeninindustryearn【B1】______salariesfortheservice
随机试题
新生儿体重的测量以()为单位,准确记录至小数点后2位。
抽油机主机是由底座、减速箱、曲柄、平衡块、连杆、横梁、支架、游梁、驴头、悬绳器、()和各种连接轴承组成。
“无痰不作眩”的论点出自何书“无虚不作眩”的论点出自何书
客户卖出信用证券账户内证券所得价款,不必先偿还其融资欠款。()
国际资本流动呈现不断加快的趋势,国际资本流动主要采取()几种形式。
(2013年卷一第27题)某发明专利申请的权利要求如下:“1.一种葡萄酒的制造方法,包括步骤X和Y。2.为实施步骤X而专门设计的设备。3.为实施步骤Y而专门设计的设备。4.为实施步骤X和Y而专门设计的设备。”
阅读以下文字,回答问题。自然界纷呈多样的宏观物体还原到微观本源,它们都是由质子、中子和电子所组成的。这些粒子因而被称为“基本粒子”,意指它们是构造世上万物的基本砖块。事实上,基本粒子世界并没有这么简单。1932年由美国物理学家卡尔.安德逊在实验室
Y公司正在评估在西部投资建厂的经济效益,该项目的生命周期预计为73年。公司在3年前已经以800万元购入了一块土地,如果公司现在出售该块土地,将会获得税后650万元,如果5年后出售该块土地,保守估计仍会获得税后650万元,公司决定将厂房建于该块土地,预计建厂
International______willbereducedwhenthisagreementissigned.
VegetarianismVegetarianism(素食主义)seemsmorepopularthanever.About8millionAmericansconsiderthemselvesvegetarians,
最新回复
(
0
)