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  3. One of the more important communicative tasks may confront a traveler. That is the【B1】______of when a speaker has said "no" . Th

One of the more important communicative tasks may confront a traveler. That is the【B1】______of when a speaker has said "no" . Th

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问题     One of the more important communicative tasks may confront a traveler. That is the【B1】______of when a speaker has said "no" . That is, one needs to be able to recognize that a respondent has refused or【B2】______what the speaker has demanded, solicited (恳求) , or offered. Equally, one needs to【B3】______the appropriate manner in which to respond in the negative when offered, solicited, or demanded something. It is【B4】______that it is sometimes difficult to recognize a refusal in one’s mother tongue where the answer might be unclear. However, in many【B5】______the meaning can be made clear. This is possible if one knows how to read the【B6】______signals.
    A first task for the visitor abroad is to discover which forms are used to【B7】______this function. If we compare form and function across cultures, it soon becomes clear that one form may be used to mean different things in another culture than in one’s own. For example, in Turkish "no" is【B8】______by moving one’s head backwards while rolling one’s eyes upwards. However, to an American this movement is【B9】______to the signal used for saying "yes". Further, in still other cultures, head shaking may have nothing to do with affirmation or negation. In part of India, rolling the head slowly from side to side means something like "Yes, go on. I’m listening." Thus, as one goes from culture to culture, form and function may not【B10】______If a foreigner wants to communicate appropriately, he must develop the competence of sending and receiving "no" messages.
Word Bank
A. acquire B. obtain C. fulfill D. compare E. match F. denied
G. granted H. admitted 1. signaled J. recognition K. conflicts L. encounters
M. close N. available O. appropriate
【B1】
选项
答案J
解析
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