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The Common Cold Every winter people start coming down with colds. There is no cure for the common cold but since ancient

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问题                                                                             The Common Cold
        Every winter people start coming down with colds. There is no cure for the common cold but since ancient times, people have developed ways to ease the aches and pains, sore throat and coughing, headache, high temperature and runny nose that go with the illness. The serious part of a cold is usually over in three days. That’s the infectious time when other people can catch your cold. After this infectious period, the cold may last up to three weeks, although sometimes a cough may stay around for months.
        The common cold got its name from, well, being physically cold. However, there is some doubt that low temperatures cause colds. According to scientific studies, colds are caused by viruses, small infectious agents that can cause disease in any living thing. There are millions of viruses. However, since 1898, when the first virus was discovered by Martinus Berjerinck, approximately 5,000 have been named and described. The cold virus was identified in the 1950s.
        The common cold virus is believed to be transmitted from one person to another by coming into contact with infected droplets of water from the nose. It can also be transmitted by physical contact with an infected person or something they have touched such as food or a door handle. From there, the virus is quickly transferred to the eyes and nose of the new host where the cycle begins again.
        While the common cold may not be directly caused by getting cold, the reason why colds are more common in winter is that when it’ s cold, people stay inside close together and this increases the risk. The best example is school where many children are sitting close together. This is the perfect condition for the virus to spread. The children then go home and pass on colds to other family members. According to Wikipedia, the common cold "is the most frequent infectious disease in humans with the average adult contracting two to three colds a year and the average child contracting between six and twelve."
        Each culture has developed its own treatment for colds. In the west, hot lemon honey drinks, staying in bed and keeping warm, drinking plenty of water, taking vitamin C and eating healthy food are believed to be effective.
        You can help prevent the spread of colds by washing your hands thoroughly and frequently and covering your mouth and nose when you cough.
Infectious means___________.
选项 A、staying close to each other
B、spreading from person to person
C、being seriously sick
D、coming into contact
答案B
解析 含义题。题干：Infectious的意思是根据题干关键词infectious，定位到第二段中的“According to scientific studies，colds are caused by viruses，small infectious agents that can cause disease in any living thing.(根据科学研究，感冒是由病毒引起的，病毒是一种能在任何生物中引起疾病的小型_________媒介)”，换言之，viruses are small infectious agents。再根据第三段第一句“The common cold virus is believed to be transmitted from one person to another by coming into contact with infected.(人们认为普通感胃病毒通过与感染者接触而从一个人传染给另一个人)”可知，普通感冒是由一个人身上传播到另外一个人身上的，即我们所说的“传染”。由此可推断infectious是指从一个人传染给另一个人。故本题选B。A项“彼此靠近”、C项“病得十分严重”、D项“接触”皆与原文所表达的意思不符，故排除。
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