2. 考研
  3. Cars account for half the oil consumed in the U. S. , about half the urban pollution and one fourth the greenhouse(温室)gases. The

Cars account for half the oil consumed in the U. S. , about half the urban pollution and one fourth the greenhouse(温室)gases. The

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问题     Cars account for half the oil consumed in the U. S. , about half the urban pollution and one fourth the greenhouse(温室)gases. They take a similar toll(损耗)of resources in other industrial nations and in the cities of the developing world. As vehicle-use continues to increase in the coming decade, the U. S. and other countries will have to deal with these issues or else face unacceptable economic, health-related and political costs. It is unlikely that prices will remain at their current low level or that other nations will accept a large and growing U. S. contribution to global climatic change.
    Policymakers and industry have four options: reduce vehicle use, increase the efficiency and reduce the emissions of conventional gasoline-powered vehicles, switch to less harmful fuels, or find less polluting driving systems. The last of these—in particular the introduction of vehicles powered by electricity—is ultimately the only sustainable option. The other alternatives are attractive in theory but in practice are either impractical or offer only marginal improvements. For example, reduced vehicle use could solve traffic problems and a host of social and environmental problems, but evidence from around the world suggests that it is very difficult to make people give up their cars to any significant extent. In the U.S. , mass-transit ridership and carpooling(合伙用车)have declined since World War II. Even in western Europe, with fuel prices averaging more than $ 1 a liter(about $ 4 a gallon)and with easily accessible mass transit and dense populations, cars still account for 80 percent of all passenger travel.
    Improved energy efficiency is also appealing, but automotive fuel economy has barely made any progress in 10 years. Alternative fuels such as natural gas, burned in internal-combustion engines, could be introduced at relatively low cost, but they would lead to only marginal reductions in pollution and greenhouse emissions(especially because oil companies are already spending billions of dollars every year to develop less polluting types of gasoline).
Which of the following is the best solution to the problems mentioned in the passage?
选项 A、The designing of highly efficient car engines.
B、A reduction of vehicle use in cities.
C、The development of electric cars.
D、The use of less polluting fuels.
答案C
解析 本题问下列哪一项措施是解决文中提到的问题的最好办法。文章第2段谈到了四种方法：减少汽车的使用，增加能源的使用效率，减少普通汽车的排放量，转向使用污染较少的燃料或采用污染更少的动力系统。接着，文章指出，使用电动的汽车是最终可行的选择。因此选C项。
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