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  3. McKinsey’s Research Paper About Reducing Greenhouse Gases McKinsey Report on Reducing Greenhouse Gases: The United States co

McKinsey’s Research Paper About Reducing Greenhouse Gases McKinsey Report on Reducing Greenhouse Gases: The United States co

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问题            McKinsey’s Research Paper About Reducing Greenhouse Gases
    McKinsey Report on Reducing Greenhouse Gases: The United States could shave as much as 28 percent off the amount of greenhouse gases it emits at fairly modest cost and with only small technology innovations, according to the new report. The report said the country was flooded with " negative cost opportunities " potential changes in the lighting, heating and cooling of buildings, for example, that would reduce carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels even as they save money. "These types of savings have been around for 20 years," said Jack Stephenson, a director of the study. But he said they still face tremendous barriers.
    Among them is that equipment is often paid for by a landlord or a builder and chosen for its low initial cost. The cost of electricity or other fuels to operate the equipment is borne by a tenant or home buyer. That means the landlord or builder has no incentive to spend more in advanced for efficient equipment, even though doing so would save a lot of money in the long run. Another problem is that consumers often pay no attention to energy use in choosing gear. Computers, for instance, can be manufactured to use less power, but with most users oblivious to energy efficiency when they are shopping for a computer, manufacturers perceive no competitive edge in spending the extra money on efficiency.
    The report focused on describing the problem, rather than on advocating fixes. But it did mention some possible solutions. Rules for utilities could be rewritten so they make as much money in promoting conservation as in selling electricity, the study said. The task might also require emissions limits and other government mandates, as well as incentives like tax breaks to promote efficient buildings, cars and appliances, the study said. The McKinsey report said "lifestyle changes" by Americans could play a role in improved efficiency. In contrast to improved efficiency, measures like capturing carbon dioxide from coal power plants and storing it would be relatively costly, and they account for less than 10 percent of the potential to cut emissions, the study said. The potential contributions from new nuclear plants and renewable energy supplies from wind or solar sources are also relatively modest, the report said.
To save money, landlords or builders are not willing to buy______.
选项
答案efficient equipment
解析 根据题干关键词landlords or builders定位到第二段第三句：Thatmeans the landlord or builder has no incentive to spend more in advanced for efficientequipment，even though doing so would save a lot of money in the long run．可知，房东或是建筑商缺乏投入更多前期资金以提高设备效率的动力。
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