首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the sense of trust. As with other personality component
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the sense of trust. As with other personality component
admin
2013-10-17
31
问题
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the sense of trust. As with other personality components, the sense of trust is not something that develops independent of other manifestations of growth. It is not that infants learn how to use their bodies for purposeful movement, learn to recognize people and objects around them, and also develop a sense of trust. Rather, the concept "sense of trust"is a shortcut expression intended to convey the characteristic flavor of all the child’s satisfying experiences at this early age.
Studies of mentally ill individuals and observations of infants who have been grossly deprived of affection suggest that trust is an early-formed and important element in the healthy personality. Psychiatrists find again and again that the most serious illnesses occur in patients who have been sorely neglected or abused or otherwise deprived of love in infancy.
Observations of infants brought up in emotionally unfavorable institutions or moved to hospitals with inadequate facilities for psychological care support these findings. A recent report says that " Infants under 5 months of age who have been in an institution for some time present a well-defined picture. The outstanding features are listlessness, relative immobility, quietness, poor sleep, an appearance of unhappiness, etc." Another investigation of children separated from their mothers at 6 to 12 months and not provided with an adequate substitute comes to much the same conclusion.
Most significant for our present point, these reactions are most likely to occur in children who, up to the time of separation at 6 to 9 months of age, had a happy relation with their mothers, while those whose relations were unhappy are relatively unaffected. It is at about this age that the struggle between trusting and mistrusting the world comes to a climax, for it is then that children first perceive clearly that they and their environment are things apart. That at this point formerly happy infants should react so badly to separation suggests, indeed, that they had a faith that now has been shattered.
In most primitive societies and in some sections of our own society, the attention accorded infants is more in line with natural processes. Throughout infancy the baby is surrounded by people who are ready to feed it, fondle it, and otherwise comfort it at a moment’s notice. Moreover, these ministrations are given spontaneously and wholeheartedly, and without that element of nervous concern that may characterize the efforts of young mothers made self-conscious and insecure by our scientific age.
We must not exaggerate, however. Most infants in our society too find smiles and comfort. As their own bodies come to be more dependable, there is added to the pleasures of increasing sensory response and motor control the pleasure of the mothers’ encouragement. Then, too, psychologists tell us that mothers create a sense of trust in their children not by the particular techniques they employ but by the sensitiveness with which they respond to the children’s needs and by their overall attitude.
A possible reason that a child having an unhappy relation with his/her mother will______by maternal separation at 6 to 9 months is that no sense of trust has ever developed.
选项
答案
not be affected
解析
(原文第四段与母亲关系良好但又被分开的6—12个月的婴儿对分离的极度反应是因为they had a faith that now has been shattered,即以前建立的信任被粉碎了,反之可推断那些与母亲关系6~12个月的婴儿不受与母亲分离的影响是因为没有建立信任感。)
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/1GlMFFFM
本试题收录于:
A类竞赛(研究生)题库大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)分类
0
A类竞赛(研究生)
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)
相关试题推荐
SummaryListentothepassage.Forquestions26—30,completethenotesusingnomorethanthreewordsforeachblank.Superr
HowmanytimesdidSomalipiratessuccessfullyhijackvesselsin2009?
ShoppinghabitsintheUnitedStateshavechangedgreatlyinthelastquarterofthe20thcentury.Asearlyasinthe1900smos
Thenewsmediamustinterestthepublic,anditisabigbusiness.Therefore,itisverycompetitivesincestationsorpaperscom
Intheearly1950stheresearcherswhoproducedthefirstcladglassopticalfiberswerenotthinkingofusingthemforcommunic
Whatistheoppositeof"hardly"?A.rarely;B.alot;C.little;D.poorly;E.never;
Hewasafunnylookingmanwithacheerfulface,good-naturedandagreattalker.Hewasdescribedbyhisstudent,thegreatphi
Duringwhatcouldbedescribedasatypical30-minutesupermarketshoppingtrip,thousandsofproductswillvieforyourattenti
Terrywasimpressedwith______.
Oncetheyhadfame,fortune,securefutures:______isutterpoverty.
随机试题
行政复议机关逾期未作出复议决定,又未告知申请人和被申请人延长审查期限的,申请人要以期满之日起()内向人民法院起诉。
B公司2008年度的利润表如下:要求:(1)计算B公司2008年度的经营杠杆系数和财务杠杆系数;(2)计算B公司的复合杠杆系数。
含有78个氨基酸的旷螺旋的螺旋长度是
A.交感神经B.副交感神经C.运动神经D.传入神经E.传出神经()从中枢发出后,在到达效应器之前不需要更换神经元
当阑尾血运障碍时,易导致其坏死的解剖学特点是
运营隧道通风检测的主要内容包括()。
发行市场和流通市场的主要区别是()。
公安机关签发普通护照,应当在收到申请材料之日起()日内签发,对偏远地区或因特殊情况不能按期签发护照的,经护照签发机关负责人批准,签发时间可以延长至()日。
A、ShethinksMienisathief.B、ShethinksAllenisclever.C、ShethinksAllentookherearringsbymistake.D、ShethinksAllen
Thewidespreaduseofsearchenginesandonlinedatabaseshasaffectedthewaypeoplerememberinformation,researchersarerepo
最新回复
(
0
)