2. 医学
  3. Directions：In this part there is an essay in Chinese．Read it carefully and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the A

Directions：In this part there is an essay in Chinese．Read it carefully and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the A

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问题     Directions：In this part there is an essay in Chinese．Read it carefully and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the ANSWER SHEET．Make sure that your summary covers the major points of the essay．
                抑郁症——蓝色隐忧
    抑郁症在西方被称为“蓝色隐忧”。抑郁症在我国的情况也不容乐观，目前抑郁症在我国的发病率大约为24％。新的疾病分类法和诊断系统所进行的部分地区流行病学调查资料表明，我国抑郁症患病率约为29％一35％，已与发达国家统计结果相近。神经精神疾病在我国疾病总负担中排名首位，约占疾病总负担的70％。
    随着社会的发展，生活在北京、上海及广州等大城市的白领们在高压力高竞争的环境下迅速成为此病的高发人群。令人遗憾的是与高发病率形成鲜明反差的是，目前全国地市级以上医院对抑郁症的识别率不到20％。在现有的抑郁症患者中，只有不到3％的人接受了相关的药物治疗。
    抑郁症患者人数逐年增加的原因知道吗?专家近几年也是在不断地寻找抑郁症患者逐年增加的原因，要找原因首先应该分析抑郁症的引发因素主要有哪些，很多抑郁症患者在得病前都是思维敏捷，思想激进，对待事情容易敏感等，这些都会成为抑郁症发病原因。
    临床上，引起抑郁症的原因有很多，其中包括：
    1．生物化学因素：现在已知抑郁症患者脑内有多种神经递质出现了紊乱，这种生物化学因素导致的抑郁症必须使用药物治疗加以控制。
    2．抑郁性格：自卑、敏感、胆小、看问题消极、对生活事件把握性差、过分担心。这些性格特点会使心理应激事件的刺激加重，并干扰个人对事件的处理。
    3．家族遗传性：研究人员发现，如果家庭中有抑郁症的患者，那么其他家庭成员患病的危险性就会增高，这可能是遗传导致了抑郁症易感性升高，其中双相抑郁症的遗传性更高些。
    4．社会环境因素：人际交往、工作压力、家庭矛盾等诸如此类的社会心理因素都可能导致抑郁症的发生。
    抑郁症是神经症的一种，有情感低落、思维迟缓及言语动作减少等症状，其实出现此种病症只要保持良好的心态，就可以克服，从而最终快乐的走下去。那么究竟如何克服抑郁症呢?具体的方法是什么呢?
    1．每个人都可以把自己的生活想得很好，但是你必须确定你的起跑线。走出心灵的迷宫就必须知道自己所处的位置。这好比你必须跨过当下完成一个小目标，才能进而走下去。但是我们往往完成不了这个小目标，就对以后的路完全视而不见。这个过程中明白自己的才干和天赋也很重要，通过社会实践去进行，也许现实和理想是有差距的，那时就要考验我们的耐心和激情，但是很多人无法在社会与个人之间找到平衡点，不要随便压抑内心的欲望，要找到适合它的方式。
    2．学会放弃。放弃也是一种智慧，不一定代表你的能力失败，抑郁症者往往有这样一种心态，眼前的失败会将我打倒，他们往往忽略了也许另一种选择会成就更美好的天地。也许一条道跑到黑所坚持的还没有另一条道带给你的更美好。
    3．需要无限信任自己。要随时想着自己的长处而非短处，想着自己的能力而不是困难。
    4．爱自己的同时也要爱别人，这能更大程度地体现一个人的价值。要尽最大努力去帮助一些不幸的人，通过帮助别人你会发现自己的价值，就像上面所提到的家庭目标一样，使自己的亲人幸福也是我们的目标。
    综上所述，上述只是几种克服抑郁症的方法，所以日常生活中一定要保持良好的心理态度，及时缓解心情，释放压力，从而避免抑郁症的困扰。
选项
答案 Depression—a Hidden Blue Depression which is notoriously called as "a hidden blue" in the western countries causes severe situations. The situation of depression in China is also not optimistic. The incidence of depression in our country is about 24%. A new survey shows that the prevalence of depression in China is about 29% -35%, which has been close to the statistical results of developed countries. With the development of society, white-collar workers in big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou are rapidly becoming under the high threaten of the disease in the stressing and competitive social environments. However, the awareness and cognition of this disease are still exist in limited groups and regions. One instance is only 3% of the patients received proper treatments. So, what on earth causes this disease? Psychiatrists have found that most of the patients are intelligent, radical and sensitive people. There are mainly four reasons. The first one is biochemical factors, such as sudden neural transmission disorder in the brain. The second one is depressive characters, such as diffidence, sensitivity, timidity, pessimism, etc.. The third one is family history, which means it can be inherited from generation to generation. The last one is society’s environmental factor such as interpersonal conflicts, stress from work, family conflicts, etc.. In conclusion, depression is characterized by low spirits, slow responses, reduced verbal activities and motions, etc.. So if one want to overcome and recover from this kind of bad mood and negative living styles, he should follow the following tips. Firstly, be realistic and pragmatic in your life goal to avoid depression-causing disappointment. Secondly, learn to give up, which can help you avoid depressing dead-end consequences. Thirdly, trust yourself and your strengths instead of only worrying about your shortcomings. Lastly, love yourself and others, which can help you to realize you are valuable and useful to others. Shortly, be positive and optimistic, relax yourself in any circumstances, which help you avoid being trapped in depression.
解析 审题时要着重注意题目要求，不能遗漏要点和信息，合理组织语言。这是一篇关于抑郁症的说明文，首先要抓住主旨，在第一段将抑郁症在世界上的现状表述出来，说明这类疾病人群扩大的严重性；其次是抓住关键点，分条列出造成抑郁症问题的原因。最后，给出如何能够有效地在生活中预防和治疗抑郁症的建议。
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