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  3. When you get interrupted in the middle of something, it can be hard to regain your train of thought, which can be annoying. But

When you get interrupted in the middle of something, it can be hard to regain your train of thought, which can be annoying. But

admin2022-10-25  58
问题     When you get interrupted in the middle of something, it can be hard to regain your train of thought, which can be annoying. But when you’re interrupted while measuring medication for patients, the consequences can be more serious. A new study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine finds that, perhaps unsurprisingly, when interrupted while dosing out medication, nurses are more likely to make mistakes.
    Researchers at the University of Sydney studied 98 nurses while they prepared and administered medications to more than 4,000 patients in almost 1.5 years. For a total of 505 hours during this period, investigators noted any interruptions that nurses encountered while dealing with medication, and also tracked two types of mistakes: procedural, which included things like not reading medication labels or failing to fully read a patient chart, and clinical, which included actually giving patients the wrong dose or wrong medication.
    For all administrations of medication studied, researchers noted that nurses were interrupted more than half the time (53％), and researchers noted procedural errors in nearly three quarters (74.4％) of administrations, and clinical errors in a quarter of all cases. The study authors also point out that the risk for major errors increased significantly the more when nurses were interrupted and that with no interruptions, the risk for a serious mistake was 2.3％.
    While it’s understandable that some interruptions will, of necessity, take place during a nurse’s work day, the authors suggest that such high levels of interruption and the resulting increase in errors associated with them point to a need for efforts to better enable nurses to focus on the task at hand. They write: "The converging evidence of the high rate of interruptions occurring during medication preparation and administration adds impetus to the need to develop and implement strategies to improve communication practices and to reduce unnecessary interruptions within ward environments."
    To that end, they suggest that simple measures such as installing white boards in hospital wards to prominently display commonly needed information or having nurses wear special "do not interrupt" vests while preparing or giving patients medication, could go some distance toward minimizing mistakes. They also suggest that reconsidering how the physical space of a hospital ward is organized could play a role in reducing errors. Whatever the potential solution, the authors say that this is indeed a problem, and one that requires additional research to solve.
The measures to reduce interruptions in hospitals include ________.
选项 A、making nurses wear uniform vests
B、narrowing the space of hospital wards
C、keeping some distance from the patients
D、providing more access to information
答案D
解析 根据题干中的measures to reduce interruptions可定位到第五段。该段第一句就提到研究者表示一些措施可以帮助减少失误(minimizing mistakes)，并通过such as列举了两个例子，其中第一个措施是在医院病房里安装一块写有常用信息的告示板，意即让人们通过其他渠道去获得一些常用信息，而不是通过护士。以此来减少护士受到的干扰，D项符合文意，故为正确答案。第五段第一句讲到采取一些措施来减少护士受到的干扰，其中一种措施是让护士穿上带有“请勿干扰”字样的背心以避免干扰，A项中的uniform vests语义不明确，故而排除。第二句提到减少干扰的一种措施是重新考虑病房的格局，但是否就一定要如B项所说的“缩小病房的空间”就不得而知了，故B项实质上没有原文根据。C项利用第一句中的distance一词作干扰，原文该句中的go some distance toward minimizing mistakes “往减少失误迈进了一步”，C项的意思与此相差甚远。
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