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  3. Children from poor families are already a year behind in vocabulary tests when they start school, according to a research publis

Children from poor families are already a year behind in vocabulary tests when they start school, according to a research publis

admin2013-09-16  37
问题     Children from poor families are already a year behind in vocabulary tests when they start school, according to a research published recently.
    It【C1】______the full impact of upbringing and home life on【C2】______, and how those from troubled or impoverished homes can fall behind at a young age. Many never catch up with【C3】______classmates and become stuck in a cycle of【C4】______.
    The report, by the Sutton Trust. 【C5】______the importance of activities such as bedtime stories and taking children to museums and libraries. In【C6】______, these appear to have a bigger impact on【C7】______than wealth.
    It shows that home environment has an(a) 【C8】______influence on children’ s academic achievement and【C9】______questions about whether social mobility has【C10】______under the present government.
    Researchers from the trust, a charity that aims to cut【C11】______in education, said that politicians had【C12】______the problem by using phrases such as "Broken Britain", and polarizing the argument of whether poverty or parenting was the【C13】______cause.
    They【C14】______the performance of more than 12, 000 five-year-olds, and found that the poorest fifth were almost a year behind pupils from middle-income families and 16 months【C15】______those from rich backgrounds when they started school.
    The report said :"Parenting style, for example rules about bedtimes and factors like【C16】______reading and trips to museums and galleries,【C17】______up to half of the explained cognitive gap between the lowest and middle-income families. "
    Parenting and【C18】______environment were responsible for almost half of the gap in achievement, the report said. 【C19】______possessions such as internet access, cars and good living conditions, or lack of them, caused about 30 percent of the【C20】______.  
【C17】
选项 A、incur
B、donate
C、contribute
D、provide
答案C
解析 动词辨析题。contribute为不及物动词，contribute to在这里的意思是“导致，造成”。这里是说父母的教育方式占了造成来自低收入家庭孩子和来自中等收入家庭孩子认知水平差距因素的50％。
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