首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Five myths about Abraham Lincoln No American hero, with the possible exception of George "I Cannot Tell a Lie" Washington, h
Five myths about Abraham Lincoln No American hero, with the possible exception of George "I Cannot Tell a Lie" Washington, h
admin
2013-10-22
38
问题
Five myths about Abraham Lincoln
No American hero, with the possible exception of George "I Cannot Tell a Lie" Washington, has been more set with myth than Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln did boast virtues that required few words to glamorize. He rose from obscurity(默默无闻)through hard work, self-education and honesty. He endured severe criticism to save the Union and end slavery. He died shortly after his greatest triumph at the hands of an assassin. But tall-tale-tellers have never hesitated to rewrite Lincoln’s biography. On Presidents’ Day, it’s well worth dispelling some repeated misconceptions about the man on the $ 5 bill.
1. Lincoln was a simple country lawyer.
This durable legend, personified by short-spoken Henry Fonda in John Ford’s film " Young Mr. Lincoln," dies hard. Lincoln’s law partner William H. Herndon, looking to boost his own reputation, introduced the rumor that Lincoln cared little about his legal practice, did scant research, joked around with juries and judges, and sometimes failed to collect fees. Lincoln himself may have compromised his legal reputation with his oft-quoted warning "Discourage litigation(诉讼)."
True, politics became lawyer Lincoln’s chief ambition. Still, in the 1850s he ably(and profitably)represented the Illinois Central Railroad and the Rock Island Bridge Co. —the company that built the first railroad bridge over the Mississippi River—and earned a solid reputation as one of his home state’s top appeals lawyers.
Lincoln’s legal papers testify to a diverse and profitable practice. Had he not been "aroused," as he put it, to speak out in 1854 against the pro-slavery Kansas-Nebraska Act before seeking a Senate seat, he likely would have remained a full-time lawyer and earned fame and fortune at the bar.
2. Lincoln was gay.
Gay rights activist Larry Kramer has long speculated that Lincoln was gay, claiming in 1999 that he’d discovered Lincoln’s love letters to onetime roommate Joshua Speed. The claim is reportedly featured in Kramer’s forthcoming history of homosexuality, "The American People," but historian Gabor Boritt called Kramer’s assertion "almost certainly. . . a hoax. "
Still, the idea persists. In 2005, "The Intimate World of Abraham Lincoln," written by queer theory professor C. A. Tripp—a colleague of sex researcher Alfred Kinsey—alleged to prove that Lincoln was an active homosexual who married only to conform to 19th-century convention and continued flirting and sleeping with young men throughout his presidency. Tripp went so far as to suggest that Lincoln’s sexual indifference is what contributed to his wife’s mental illness.
Is it true? And if it is, does it matter? According to Herndon, Lincoln exhibited a "powerful" attraction to women and was a regular customer of prostitutes before his marriage at age 33. His first son was born just nine months after his marriage, which suggests enthusiasm if not experience. Then again, proving that a man loves women isn’t the same as proving that he doesn’t love men. Maybe it’s best to throw up our hands— and remember that Lincoln’s sexual orientation is but a small part of his historical legacy.
3. Lincoln was depressed.
Four generations of biographers attest(证明)that Lincoln was often depressed, but Washington College’s Joshua Wolf Shenk made the case in his recent book, "Lincoln’s Melancholy: How Depression Challenged a President and Fueled his Greatness," that the 16th president was clinically depressed. Lincoln certainly had moments of what he called the "hypo," most notably when his first serious crush, Ann Rutledge, died in 1835, and again when he broke up with fiancee Mary Todd on the eve of their wedding in 1841.(They reconciled the next year.)
Though I co-edited a collection of Lincoln papers with Shenk, we disagree on this point. Genuine depression was untreatable in the 19th century, and its victims often descended into madness or took their own lives. It is impossible to reconcile this debilitating disease with the Lincoln who labored tirelessly and effectively during his demanding presidency. Clinically depressed people often can’t get out of bed, let alone command an army.
4. Lincoln was too compassionate.
Much has been made by poet and Lincoln biographer Carl Sandburg and other historians over the notion that Lincoln was a serial pardoner. This is untrue—Lincoln not only approved the execution of deserters, but 38 alleged Indian raiders were hanged by his order in Mankato, Minn, on Dec. 26, 1862, still the largest mass execution on US soil.
Meanwhile, Lincoln conducted the bloodiest war in American history to preserve the Union, authorized the deployment of deadly new weaponry such as mines, ironclad warships and niter(硝酸钾), and accepted unprecedented casualties for his chosen cause.
The recent scandal over an altered National Archives pardon—a document allegedly changed by historian Thomas P. Lowry in 1998 to make it appear that Lincoln spent his final hours pardoning a soldier for desertion—gives us the opportunity to reconsider the chronic oversimplification of Lincoln’s soft touch. In light of the Archives melee(混乱), historians should re-examine the thousands of pardons Lincoln issued to weigh their authenticity and balance them against the death sentences he did allow.
5. Lincoln was mortally ill.
No shortage of armchair physicians are ready to diagnose Lincoln 150 years after his death. He had cardiovascular(心血管的)disease, some say. Or he had the rare genetic disorder Marfan’s Syndrome. Or he had the fatal cancer MEN2B. Had Lincoln not been assassinated on April 14, 1865, medical historians like John Sotos imply, he would have died soon enough without John Wilkes Booth’s help.
If any of these illnesses wracked Lincoln’s body during his presidency, how do we explain his inexhaustible physical constitution? Or the rarity of his wartime illnesses, limited to a mild bout of smallpox which killed his valet(贴身男仆)? How do we explain the ease with which the 56-year-old demonstrated his favorite frontier feat of strength—holding a heavy ax at arm’s length between his fingers—just a few days before his death?
Like many presidents, Lincoln grew visibly haggard during his presidency. He also lost weight. But the physicians who attended him on his deathbed marveled at his muscular arms and chest. A weaker man, they concluded, would have died the minute he was shot. Lincoln fought off death for nine hours—hardly within the ability of a man with a pre-existing condition.
What does professor C. A. Tripp think of Lincoln’s marriage?
选项
A、It was just a cover for his unconventional personal life.
B、It was of great help for his political success.
C、It proved that Lincoln had an intimate link with his wife.
D、It solved the mystery of his wife’s mental illness.
答案
A
解析
细节推断题。由定位句可知,在C.A.Tripp的书中,他认为林肯的婚姻仅仅是向19世纪传统的一种妥协,而婚后,他仍然与同性保持着亲密的关系。由此可知,Tripp认为,林肯的婚姻仅仅是对他那种反传统的个人生活的一种掩护,因此答案为A)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/zFQFFFFM
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
A、Submittedhisopinion.B、Readthesuggestionsinhaste.C、Formedaproposal.D、Calculatedhisincometax.B女士问男士怎么看待针对个人所得税的一些
Travelingcanbefunmadeasy.Avacationtriptoanotherpartofthecountryisespecially【C1】______whenthetravelingcond
ClimateChangeMayMakeInsect-BorneDiseasesHardertoControlClimatechangecaninfluencehowinfectiousdiseasesaffect
SharingEconomicLossesThroughInsuranceEachminuteofthedayornight,everyonefacesapossiblefinancialloss.Ahome
SharingEconomicLossesThroughInsuranceEachminuteofthedayornight,everyonefacesapossiblefinancialloss.Ahome
WhowontheWorldCup1994footballgame?WhathappenedattheUnitedNations?Howdidthecritics【C1】______thenewplay?Just
With950millionpeople,IndiarankssecondtoChinaamongthemostpopulous(人口多的)countries.ButsinceChinalaunchedafamilyp
Thegovernment______greatimportancetoimprovingthequalityofeducation.
Ifonecompanypaysnoattentiontothequalityofproduct,it_____________(注定要被挤出这个行业).
孙大圣孙大圣是中国古典文学名著《西游记》中的一个重要人物。他是唐僧第一个徒弟。其实在中国,他最受欢迎的名字不是“孙大圣”,而是“孙悟空”,这是教他72变的第一个师傅给他起的名字。“悟”的意思是“启迪”。“空”的意思是“无”,这是佛学中最重
随机试题
A.竹茹B.天南星C.皂荚D.天竺黄治疗痰热惊搐、中风痰壅的药物是
得益于知识经济与网络技术的不断发展,思科于2001年成为当时全球市值最高的公司。随后几年,思科不断并购,公司规模持续扩大。为了应对规模扩张带来的“大企业病”,思科采取扁平化组织结构,并精心设计了由不同部门的管理者组成的委员会系统。然而,委员会系统决策迟缓,
组织中为周韧管状中柱的药材是组织中为无限外韧型维管束的药材是
下列关于仲裁协议的说法错误的是( )。
太林公司2011年收入和费用的相关内容如下表所示,该公司所得税税率为25%。计算太林公司2011年下列项目的金额。净利润()元。
某公司对甲省A县国家税务局的罚款处罚不服,决定申请行政复议,根据《行政复议法》的规定,某公司应当向()申请。
甲公司为上市公司,2010—2012年发生如下交易:(1)2010年5月2日,甲公司取得乙公司30%的股权,实际支付价款5400万元。当日,乙公司可辨认净资产公允价值为l8000万元。其中股本为10900万元,资本公积为3800万元,盈余公积为280万元,
教师的劳动特点主要体现在()。
当前软件测试的方法有3种:动态测试、静态测试、【】。
Unlikemostsports,whichevolvedovertimefromstreetgames,basketballwasdesignedbyonemantosuitaparticularpurpose.
最新回复
(
0
)