首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Alison Preston of the University of Texas at Austin’s Center for Learning and Memory explains: A short-term memory’s conversion
Alison Preston of the University of Texas at Austin’s Center for Learning and Memory explains: A short-term memory’s conversion
admin
2017-04-13
42
问题
Alison Preston of the University of Texas at Austin’s Center for Learning and Memory explains: A short-term memory’s conversion to a long-term memory requires changes within the brain that protect the memory from interference from competing stimuli or disruption from injury or disease. This time-dependent process of stabilization, whereby our experiences achieve a permanent record in our memory, is referred to as "consolidation".
Memory consolidation can occur at many organizational levels in the brain. The cellular and molecular portions of memory consolidation typically take place within the first minutes or hours of learning and result in changes to neurons(nerve cells)or sets of neurons. Systems-level consolidation, involving the reorganization of brain networks that handle the processing of individual memories can then happen on a much slower time frame of days or even years.
The consolidation process that affects declarative memories-recollections of general facts and specific events—relies on the function of some specific structures in the brain. At the cellular level, memory is expressed as changes to the structure and function of neurons. For example, new
synapses
—the connections between neurons through which they exchange information—can form to allow for communication between new networks of neurons. Alternatively, existing synapses can be strengthened to allow for increased sensitivity in the communication between two neurons.
Consolidating such synaptic changes requires the synthesis of new RNA and proteins in the structures, which transform temporary alterations in synaptic transmission into persistent modifications of synaptic architecture. With time, the brain systems also change. Initially, the specific structure works in concert with sensory-processing regions distributed in the neo-cortex(the outermost layer of the brain)to form the new memories. Within the neo-cortex, representations of the elements that constitute an event in our life are distributed across multiple brain regions according to their content.
When a memory is first formed, the specific structure rapidly combines this distributed information into a single memory, thus acting as an index of representations in the sensory-processing regions. As time passes, cellular and molecular changes allow for the strengthening of direct connections among the neocortical regions, enabling access to the memory independent of the structure. Thus, while damage to the structure from injury or particular disorder hampers the ability to form new declarative memories, such a disruption may not impair memories for facts and events that have already been consolidated. Thus, an amnesiac with hippocampal damage would not be able to learn the names of current presidential candidates but would be able to recall the identity of our 16th president.
The word "synapses"(Line 3, Paragraph 3)most probably means
选项
A、the junction between neurons.
B、the networks of neurons.
C、the brain regions.
D、the brain structure.
答案
A
解析
词义理解题。根据该词后面破折号后的内容即可断定A项为正确选项。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/yHr7FFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
WholesalepricesinJulyrosemoresharplythanexpectedandatafasterratethanconsumerprices,【C1】______thatbusinesseswer
WholesalepricesinJulyrosemoresharplythanexpectedandatafasterratethanconsumerprices,【C1】______thatbusinesseswer
Advancingagemeanslosingyourhair,yourwaistlineandyourmemory,right?DanaDenisisjust40yearsold,but【C1】______she’s
Advancingagemeanslosingyourhair,yourwaistlineandyourmemory,right?DanaDenisisjust40yearsold,but【C1】______she’s
Someoneaskedmelastweek,"Inthelongrun,istechnologyoursaviourorourdemise?"Ithoughtitover,andthethingis,we
TothepeopleofEurope,cuckoosareharbingersofspring.ToEuropeanbirds,though,thecuckoo’scallislesswelcome—forcuck
TothepeopleofEurope,cuckoosareharbingersofspring.ToEuropeanbirds,though,thecuckoo’scallislesswelcome—forcuck
【F1】Despitethegeneralnegativefindings,itisimportanttorememberthatallchildrenwholivethroughadivorcedonotbehav
【F1】Despitethegeneralnegativefindings,itisimportanttorememberthatallchildrenwholivethroughadivorcedonotbehav
随机试题
在”供应商关系谱”中,若商品流通企业与供应商的关系具有公开、互相信赖的特征,这样的供应商属于()。
什么是BCNF模式?
已知某人年收入为5万元,每年消费某一商品,当该商品价格为50元时的该商品的消费数量是900单位;当该商品价格变为55元时,其他条件不变,该人年消费该商品的数量为850单位,求该商品对于该人的需求价格弹性。(保留2位小数)
()系人和温血动物肠道内正常菌群成员之一,终生伴随,经粪便不断散播于周围环境。在环境卫生和食品卫生学上,常被用作粪便直接或间接污染的检测指标
十二经脉中.脾经与心经的交接部位在
患者,男,32岁。因车祸致胫腓骨中上1/3处开放性粉碎性骨折,行清创术,摘除所有粉碎的骨片,术后长腿石膏管型固定4个月后,骨折仍未愈合,其最可能的原因是
最早提出对班级教学进行改造的是()
某有限责任公司,经营塑料产品,总资产1200万元,总负债200万元。现公司股东会作出了以下决定,请判断其哪些决定是不符合法律规定的?()
《习近平的七年知青岁月》一书中提到,习近平担任梁家河党支部书记期间,带领村民办了陕西省第一个沼气池,当时在延川全县迅速推广,解决了村民能源短缺的问题。沼气是由多种气体组成的混合气体,其主要成分有()。
Therearescientificproofsthatthealcohol-addictsare______toheartattack.
最新回复
(
0
)