Which of these medical professions, on average, earns the least?

Presenter: Good morning, everyone. My name is William Clarke and I’m here to tell you about my survey of the six highest paying jobs in the United States at the moment. First, I’d just like to give you an overview of the six jobs, before going into more detail. Bear in mind that commanding the highest salaries often comes at a price. Most of these high paying jobs require considerable schooling and being able to handle considerable stress and responsibility.
   First on the list are doctors. If you were to separate them out, anaesthesiologists,
general internists, obstetricians and gynaecologists, psychiatrists,
and surgeons all make over $145,600 a year, while family and general practitioners
make $140,000 and paediatricians earning an average of $136,000                     Q31
yearly—are at the bottom of the medical pay scale. All that money comes at
a price: doctors must go through four years of undergraduate schooling, four             Q32
years of medical school, and then 3 to 7 or more years in residencies before
being able to practice on their own.
  Second on the list are dentists. Specialists like orthodontists, prosthodontists         Q33
and oral or maxillo-facial surgeons all make over $145,000 annually. Meanwhile,
general dentists average $125,000 a year. Like doctors,
dentists and dental specialists must go through four years of college, four
years of medical school and then residencies before they can practice.
  Third, perhaps surprisingly to many of you, we have chief executives.
CEOs make an average of $142,400 a year, and the highest paid earn many
millions. You may think that is rather low, but remember that the chief executives
of Microsoft are not typical chief executives! Though a college education
is not always required for this position, especially if you are CEO of
your own company, two-thirds of CEOs have a bachelor’s degree or higher,      Q34
often in business or public administration. CEOs are highly paid for their
skills, knowledge, and ability in a wide variety of areas. Therefore, people              Q35
are usually expected to have substantial work experience before they can become CEOs.
  Fourth, we have airline pilots, co-pilots, and flight engineers. Airline
pilots and their supporting personnel make an average of $138,200. Traditionally        Q36
, the military has been an important source for recruiting commercial pilots.
However, people may become pilots and flight engineers by attending FAA-certified
flight schools. Nearly four out of five pilots has a bachelor’s degree,                    Q37
and this number is expected to grow in coming years. The highest paying pilots
work on large passenger planes, but ones working as crop dusters, test pilots,
cargo pilots, rescue crews, etc, can command good salaries as well.
  Fifth, there are air traffic controllers. Air traffic controllers have an
average yearly salary of $107,600. The competition for the 24,000 openings
is stiff, but job security is excellent once someone has been hired. To be eligible  Q38
to be an air traffic controller, a person must have four years of college
or three years of work experience, making it one of the highest paying jobs
where college is not strictly necessary. Would-be air traffic controllers should
like learning, though, as applicants must go through 12 weeks of schooling,     Q39
and then receive continuing education once hired.
  Sixth—the final job on this list—we have astronomers. Yes, at $104,700
a year, astronomers are among the highest paid professionals, but they are
also among the rarest: there are only about 800 astronomers in the entire
United States. Astronomers are expected to get doctoral degrees in astronomy
or astrophysics, and have a profound command of math, physics, and computing.       Q40
Most astronomers work for the government—particularly NASA—and academia.