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  3. Quitting smoking is hard enough on its own, but studies show the challenge is even greater if you suffer from a mental illness—w

Quitting smoking is hard enough on its own, but studies show the challenge is even greater if you suffer from a mental illness—w

admin2015-07-31  22
问题     Quitting smoking is hard enough on its own, but studies show the challenge is even greater if you suffer from a mental illness—which is why many treatment facilities still allow patients to smoke, even encouraging the habit by using cigarettes as a reward for tests or therapies.
    According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC), around 31% of cigarettes in the US are smoked by people with mental illness. And the New York Times details the long-standing tradition of smoking in mental health facilities, along with the growing controversy triggered by administrators’ attempts to now change course and ban cigarettes.
    People with mental illness are 70% more likely to smoke than those who are not mentally ill—and at least 50% less likely to quit successfully. This includes people with depression and anxiety disorders as well as those with schizophrenia(精神分裂症)and bipolar disorder(躁郁症). The more disabling the mental illness is, the higher the smoking rates are, with about 88% of people with schizophrenia being regular smokers.
    Those who run psychiatric hospitals and other facilities for the mentally ill are familiar with the high rate of lighting up among their patients, and there is even evidence explaining why smoking is so appealing to those with mental illness. Research shows that nicotine can have antidepressant and antipsychotic effects—and advocates for the mentally ill also maintained that it would be cruel to deprive patients of one of the few pleasures they enjoyed while hospitalized.
    So despite the known health hazards of smoking, including the risk of heart disease, stroke and lung cancer, administrators accepted the habit as a necessary evil, often turning a blind eye to health risks in favor of the more immediate benefit of having patients comply with treatments.
    National Association of State Mental Health Program Directors showed patients in these facilities are dying on average 25 years sooner than the general population, many from smoking-related diseases. That trend is prompting administrators to re-evaluate their smoking policies, with many hospitals trying to ban or at least rein in smoking.
What’s the meaning of "the challenge"(Line 1, Para. 1)?
选项 A、Quitting smoking.
B、Complying with the regulations.
C、Encouraging the smoking habit.
D、Suffering from a mental illness.
答案A
解析 语义理解题。定位段提到，戒烟就其本身而言非常困难，然而研究发现如果人们遭遇精神疾病时，面临的挑战会更大。由上下文语境可知，该挑战指的应当是戒炯，故A)为答案。
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