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Du Bois was a sociological and educational pioneer who challenged the established system of education that tended to restrict ra

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问题     Du Bois was a sociological and educational pioneer who challenged the established system of education that tended to restrict rather than to advance the progress of black Americans. He challenged what is called the “Tuskegee machine” of Booker T. Washington, the leading educational spokesperson of the blacks in the U. S. . As a sociologist and historian, Du Bois called for a more determined and activist leadership than Washington provided.
    Unlike Washington, whose roots were in southern black agriculture, Du Bois’s career spanned both sides of the Mason-Dixon Line. He was a native of Massachusetts, received his undergraduate education from Fisk University in Nashville, did his graduate study at Harvard University, and directed the Atlanta University Studies of Black American Life in the South. Du Bois approached the problem of racial relations in the United States from two dimensions: as a scholarly researcher and as an activist for civil rights. Among his works was the famous empirical sociological study, The Philadelphia Negro: A Social Study, in which he examined that city’s black population and made recommendations for the school system. Du Bois’s Philadelphia study was the pioneer work on urban blacks in America.
    Du Bois had a long and active career as a leader in the civil rights movement. He helped to organize the Niagara Movement in 1905, which led to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), established in 1909. From 1910 until 1934, Du Bois edited The Crisis, the major journal of the NAACP. In terms of its educational policy, the NAACP position was that all American children and youth should have genuine equality of educational opportunity. This policy, which Du Bois helped to formulate, stressed the following themes: (1) public schooling should be free and compulsory for all American children; (2) secondary schooling should be provided for all youth; (3) higher education should not be monopolized by any special class or race.
    As a leader in education, Du Bois challenged not only the tradition of racial segregation in the schools but also the accommodationist ideology of Booker T. Washington. The major difference between the two men was that Washington sought change that was evolutionary in nature and did not upset the social order, whereas Du Bois demanded immediate change. Du Bois believed in educated leadership for blacks, and he developed a concept referred to as the “talented tenth”, according to which 10 percent of the black population would receive a traditional college education in preparation for leadership.
Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
选项 A、Washington would not appreciate the idea of overthrowing social order.
B、Racial separation is an outcome of accommodationist ideology.
C、Washington would support a determined and activist leadership.
D、The Philadelphia Negro is a book on blacks in American South.
答案A
解析 事实细节题。由文章最后一段第二句话...Washington sought change that was evolutionary in nature and did not upset the social order...可知，华盛顿不赞同推翻社会秩序，overthrow的意思同upset，意为“推翻”，故 [A]项正确。[B]“种族隔离是妥协思想的结果”，文中未提，且据常识可知，妥协思想是一种对待种族隔离的态度，而非种族隔离的源头，所以[B]错误；由最后一段首句可知，华盛顿支持的是妥协思想，而非激进思想，故排除[C]；根据第二段段尾可知，The Philadelphia Negro是有关费城黑人的书，因此[D]错误。
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