首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessi
The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessi
admin
2012-01-14
43
问题
The majority of successful
senior
managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision. Rather in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed "intuition" to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise, and to integrate action into the process of thinking.
Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality, others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.
Isenberg’s recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers’ intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least four distinct ways. First, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A second function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an "Aha!" experience. Third, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns.
One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that "thinking" is inseparable from acting. Since managers often "know" what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.
Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking/acting cycles is that action is often part of defining the problem not just of implementing the solution. (437 words)
What statement does the passage support?
选项
A、Managers who rely on intuition are more successful than those who rely on formal decision analysis.
B、Managers cannot justify their intuitive decisions.
C、Managers’ intuition works contrary to their rational and analytical skills.
D、Intuition enables managers to employ their practical experience more efficiently.
答案
D
解析
A、B和C项的内容文章里都没有提到过,D项的内容在第三段第四句:“直觉并不是随心所欲的、无理智的,而是来自于常年的努力实践”,所以直觉能使经理们更有效地利用实际经验,故选D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/uj5YFFFM
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Write200-250wordstocommentonthetopicgivenbelow.UsetheproperspaceontheANSWERSHEET.Topic:TheMoreILearn,
Surprisinglyenough,modernhistorianshaverarelyinterestedthemselvesinthehistoryoftheAmericanSouthintheperiodbefo
Thecritic’sassessmentofthebookisthatitisbeautifullywritten.
Schoolintegrationplansthatinvolvebusingbetweensuburbanandcentral-cityareashavecontributed,accordingtoarecentstu
Thelowoperatingcostsoftheforeigncompanywill______thehighlaborcoststhebusinesspaysinitsowncountry.
Californiaseemstobethehomeofthehomelesssincemanyareoftenobservedtrampingalongrailroadtracksandthroughthedow
Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitudes.Emotionalreactionsaswellaslogicalthought
Thereisno______betweenthesampleandthefinalproducthereceived.
Peopleofallcountriesareexpectedto______theprinciplesoftheUnitedNationsanddefendthepeaceintheworld.
随机试题
健康信念模式认为可导致健康相关行为改变的心理活动,涉及到以下因素,除了
制定调剂室“特殊药品管理制度”的目的是切实落实特殊药品在调剂室的
下列分部分项工程中,必须编制专项施工方案并进行专家论证、审查的有()。
2013年12月1日,甲公司与乙公司签订了一项不可撤销的销售合同,约定甲公司于2014年1月12日以每吨2万元的价格(不合增值税)向乙公司销售K产品200吨。2013年12月31日,甲公司库存该产品300吨,单位成本为1.8万元,单位市场销售价格为1.5万
利用平衡计分卡构建企业的绩效管理体系,正确的做法是()。
按照监督主体的不同,公安执法监督可以分为()。
遗产是指公民死亡时遗留下来的()。
提出宇宙大爆炸模型的是:
如果当前记录指针指在表的第一条记录上,则BOF()的返回值为
(1)在考生文件夹下新建一个名为“图书管理”的项目文件。(2)在项目中新建一个名为“图书”的数据库。(3)将考生文件夹下的所有自由表添加到“图书”数据库中。(4)在项目中建立查询book_qu,其功能是查询价格大于等于10的图
最新回复
(
0
)