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  3. Some guidelines that advise people how to lose weight are seriously flawed and grossly overstate how quickly they will reach the

Some guidelines that advise people how to lose weight are seriously flawed and grossly overstate how quickly they will reach the

admin2012-07-05  41
问题     Some guidelines that advise people how to lose weight are seriously flawed and grossly overstate how quickly they will reach their targets, scientists say.
    Researchers found people lost only half as much weight as expected in a year if they followed the advice given by the U. S. health organizations.
    The problem came to light when government scientists at the U. S. National Institutes of Health in Maryland realized standard weight loss advice failed to account for changes in metabolism (新陈代谢) as people lost weight.
    The rule used by the health organizations assumes that if a person cuts 500 calories from his daily diet, he will lose about 450g each week, regardless of how long he adhered to the regime (制度). But as people lose weight, their metabolism slows until they reach a new stable bodyweight. Their weight loss is further complicated by how much body fat and muscle they have when they start dieting.
    Using the flawed weight loss guidelines, obesity rates in the U. S. could be cut from 67% to 50% in five years. But when he did the calculation again, taking metabolism into account, the figures were less rosy. After five years of the tax, obesity might drop to 62% , but crucially fall no further.
    Last year, researchers writing in the Lancet called on governments to bring in measures to reverse the rise of obesity, which could affect an extra 11 million people in the UK in the next 20 years. Almost 50% of British men could be obese by 2030, they wrote.
    Based on the work, Hall and his colleagues have created an online tool that people from adolescence to late middle age can use to get more accurate advice on how to lose weight. The tool, which can be used by GPs and patients, then works out how many calories they need to cut, either through dieting or more exercise, and how they can then maintain the healthier weight.
    Rather than demoralizing (使......失去信心) people, Hall hopes more accurate advice would help overweight and obese people have realistic expectations.
What will occur in the UK according to researchers?
选项 A、No measures can be taken to reduce the obesity.
B、More than 11 million British people will become obese.
C、The majority of British men will be obese by 2030.
D、More and more people in UK will become obese.
答案D
解析 事实细节题。根据原文第六段“……在未来20年里，英国将有另外1100万的人受到肥胖影响，截止至2030年，将有近50％的英国人成为肥胖者”。据此推测，在英国将有越来越多的人变胖，故D)为答案。根据定位句，A)属于无中生有，故排除；原文指出另外1100万人将变胖，而非1100万以上的人变胖，故排除B)；原文提及到2030年将有近50％的英国人成为肥胖者，而非大部分人成为肥胖者，故排除C)。
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