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  3. Panic A panic is a form of collective in which a group of people, face with an immediate threat, react in an uncoordinated a

Panic A panic is a form of collective in which a group of people, face with an immediate threat, react in an uncoordinated a

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问题                             Panic
    A panic is a form of collective in which a group of people, face with an immediate threat, react in an uncoordinated and irrational way. Their behavior is uncoordinated in the sense that cooperative social relationships and break down. It is irrational in the sense that people’s actions are not appropriate for the goals they wish to achieve.
    The progress of a panic follows a fairly typical course. A sudden crisis occurs; people experience intense fear; normal social expectations are broken; each individual tries desperately to escape from the source of danger; mutual cooperation breaks down; and the situation becomes even more threatening as a result. Panics are especially likely to occur in unusual conditions in which everyday norms have little relevance, such as fires, floods, earthquakes or military invasions. Some kind of response is necessary in these situations, but there are few social norms that specify an appropriate reaction. Thus, when a passenger aircraft makes a crash landing people may attempt to flee before fire breaks out and cause an explosion, but there only succeed in stopping themselves and others by creating bottlenecks at the exits. Awareness of bottlenecks may lead to increased panic, with people fighting and trampling one another in the effort to escape. Despite intensive training of airline personnel in emergency evacuation procedures, a high proportion of passenger deaths are caused by a panic that prevents people from escaping in time.
    The most dramatic panics are those that occur in situations of extreme emergency, but not all panics are quite so frantic or short-lived. A different form of this collective behavior is the financial panic, which is typically provoked by rumor that the price of stocks will fall or that a bank will be unable to repay its depositors. The classic example, of course, occurred at the outset of the Great Depression in 1929 : as in other forms of panic, the individuals involved tried to protect their own interests, and in so doing they worsened the situation for themselves and everyone else. By trying to sell their stocks as quickly as possible, people ensured that the price of stocks did fall; by demanding their money back from banks, they ensured that the banks actually did collapse.
What is the purpose of the passage?
选项 A、To analyze the causes of the panics and teach people how to prevent them.
B、To introduce different kinds of panics.
C、To help people set up daily norms that can prevent panics.
D、To inform people of painful examples form panics.
答案A
解析 主旨题。本文主要阐述了引发恐慌的机制及人们在恐慌时的表现。因此，选项A符合本文主旨。选项B“介绍各种恐慌类型”。选项C“帮助人们建立日常准则以防止恐慌”。选项D“告诉人们由恐慌引起的令人痛心的例子”均非原文的写作目的。
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