首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the ne
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the ne
admin
2010-06-18
35
问题
It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the new machines and on the society into which the machines have been introduced. For example, it has been suggested that the employment of women in industry took them out of the household, their traditional sphere, and fundamentally altered their position in society. In the nineteenth century, when women began to enter factories, Jules Simon, a French politician, warned that by doing so, women would give up their femininity. Friedrich Engels, however, predicted that women would be liberated from the "social, legal, and economic subordination" of the family by technological developments that made possible the recruitment of "the whole female sex ... into public industry." Observers thus differed concerning the social desirability of mechanization’ s effects, but they agreed that it would transform women’s lives.
Historians, particularly those investigating the history of women, now seriously question this assumption of transforming power. They conclude that such dramatic technological innovations as the spinning jenny, the sewing machine, the typewriter, and the vacuum cleaner have not resulted in equally dramatic social changes in women’s economic position or in the prevailing evaluation of women’s work. The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial Revolution was largely an extension of an older pattern of employment of young, single women as domestics. It was not the change in office technology, but rather the separation of secretarial work, previously seen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers, from administrative work that in the 1880’s created a new class of "dead-end" jobs, thenceforth considered "women’s work". The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire.
Women’s work has changed considerably in the past 200 years, moving from the household to the office or the factory, and later becoming mostly white-collar instead of blue collar work. Fundamentally, however, the conditions under which women work have changed little since before the Industrial Revolution: the segregation of occupations by gender, lower pay for women as a group, jobs that require relatively low levels of skill and offer women little opportunity for advancement all persist, while women’s household labor remains demanding. Recent historical investigation has led to a major revision of the notion that technology is always inherently revolutionary in its effects on society. Mechanization may even have slowed any change in the traditional position of women both in the labor market and in the home.
It can be inferred from the passage that, before the Industrial Revolution, most women worked in ______.
选项
A、textile mills
B、private households
C、offices
D、schools
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/rI3YFFFM
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A、Becauseitavoidsthepossibilityofadditionaltuitioncosts.B、Becauseithelpscollegestudentssecuremorescholarships.C
ForyearswehavebeentalkingaboutaddictiontotheInternet,andthentothemobilephone.ArecentsurveyinUKfoundthat_
ForyearswehavebeentalkingaboutaddictiontotheInternet,andthentothemobilephone.ArecentsurveyinUKfoundthat_
Nancybecameataxidriverbecause
HowmanypeoplediedintherecentconflictbetweenIraqipeopleandtheU.S.-ledcoalitiontroops?
A、ThemilitarydramaMenofHonor.B、TheRedPlanet.C、BillyElliot.D、MissiontoMarsC
TwospaceshuttleastronautsscalingtheoutsideoftheInternationalSpaceStationranintosometroubleTuesdaywithamix-up
Toseehowbigcarrierscouldcontroltheonlineworld,youmustunderstanditsstructures.EarthlinkgivesJenniferaccesst
A、EasternEuropeB、NorthernEuropeC、WesternEuropeD、SouthernEuropeA
随机试题
根据支付结算法律制度的规定,下列关于单位人民币卡账户的表述中,不正确的是()。
颅底骨折的治疗原则。
关于血液透析的适应证错误的是
反映个人的就业情况、工作经历、职业、单位所属行业、职称、年收入等信息的是()。
A公司拥有B公司70%的股权,能对其施加控制,A、B公司均为增值税一般纳税人,适用的所得税税率均为25%,适用的增值税税率为16%。资料一:2×17年6月30日,B公司以含税价10440万元将其生产的产品销售给A公司,其成本为7500万元。A公司购买
公安民警违法行使职权,侵犯公民人身自由的赔偿计算标准,每日赔偿金按照国家上年度职工的()计算。
甲请乙为其在丙家盗窃时望风,乙同意。某日晚,甲、乙按约定前往丙家,乙在屋外望风,甲进入丙家,见丙女一人在家,就对丙女实施了强奸行为,对本案应如何处理?()
两句话所表达的意思完全相同的一组是:
数字图像的主要参数有图像分辨率、像素深度、位平面数目、彩色空间类型以及采用的压缩编码方法等。假设像素深度为16,那以一幅图像具有的不同颜色数目最多是【 】种。
Putondarkglassesorthesunwillblindyouandyouwon’tbeabletosee.
最新回复
(
0
)