首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How to Keep Your New Year’s Resolutions [A] About half of all American adults say they are at least somewhat likely to make a Ne
How to Keep Your New Year’s Resolutions [A] About half of all American adults say they are at least somewhat likely to make a Ne
admin
2013-09-07
27
问题
How to Keep Your New Year’s Resolutions
[A] About half of all American adults say they are at least somewhat likely to make a New Year’s resolution this year. Their top vows: to lose weight, quit smoking and exercise more. But consider this: if hard-core addicts can break bad habits—some by moderating, not just quitting—there’s still hope for you. Whether your goal for this year is to get fit or tame your drinking, experts say there’s a lot you can learn from people who have successfully moderated their habits to help keep you off the resolution merry-go-round.
1. Don’t Kid Yourself
[B] "The most important thing is to be honest with yourself," says Howard Josepher, the president of Exponents Inc., an organization that provides support and educational services to people with substance-misuse issues. "You need to know the difference between enjoying yourself and self-medicating. It’s not that self-medicating is necessarily bad—but you should give yourself parameters. If you are adhering to them, OK. If not, you need to check yourself."
[C] Successful moderators decide in advance how much is too much—and stick to their limit, no matter what. Have a cookie a day if that’s what you’ve deemed acceptable. But if you cheat by having "just one more," know that you are only cheating yourself and worsening the problem, experts say. The point is to learn how to hold yourself accountable.
[D] For those who are concerned in particular about drinking, a free, research-based online tool called Drinker’s Checkup can help you determine whether you are drinking at unhealthy levels, and what to do if you are.
2. Quit Cold Turkey—Temporarily
[E] "Theoretically, there are very good reasons to take a break from a behavior, totally," says Reid Hester, director of research at Behavior Therapy Associates, explaining that an initial period of complete abstinence(节制)can make it easier for people to moderate behavior by eliminating the habitual, automatic aspect of the unwanted activity.
[F] Take a cue from the self-help group Moderation Management(MM), which advises problem drinkers to abstain completely for a month before attempting moderate drinking. If you can’t achieve a month of abstinence, the thinking goes, successful moderation is unlikely.
[G] The best way to stay on course is frequent self-monitoring; use as many behavior-modification tools, support groups and programs as you can. In October, Hester and colleagues published a randomized controlled trial in the Journal, of Substance Abuse Treatment comparing heavy drinkers who used MM’s website to help them quit with those who used the MM site plus another online tool that teaches behavior-control tactics and helps chart drinking. While both groups significantly reduced their drinking and alcohol-related problems, the group that used the additional tool had more days abstinent and drank less when they drank.
3. Do What the Buddhist Would Do
[H] Alan Marlatt, director of the Addictive Behaviors Research Center at the University of Washington, studies "mindfulness-based relapse(重新染上)prevention," which uses meditation(冥想)and other ideas from Buddhist teachings to help people break bad habits.
[I] "Between stimulus and response, there’s a space, and in that space is our power to choose our response, and in our response lies our growth and freedom," says Marlatt, quoting author and Holocaust survivor Victor Frankl. Marlatt says, "Mindfulness gets you into that space."
[J] Being mindful may involve traditional meditation, in which you sit quietly and observe your thoughts and breathing without judgment. But here, it is also used to focus awareness on thoughts and feelings that lead to unwanted behavior. Simply recognizing the triggers to relapse can help you choose not to give into them. "When there’s a fork in the road, strong desire is pulling you one way. Well, what’s the other way? You have to look down the other road and see where it takes you. Then you have a choice, instead of being on autopilot," says Marlatt.
[K] One tactic he recommends for resisting those desires is called "urge-surfing." It involves being mindful of the fact that desire is like a wave—it rises to a peak, then falls. This happens whether you yield to the urge or not, though most people mistakenly think their desire will escalate endlessly unless they give in. In fact, yielding to desire only reinforces them—resisting, in contrast, reinforces resistance. Marlatt advises watching your urge, noting its peak and "surfing" it, rather than allowing it to wipe you out.
[L] Another trick is to recognize that willpower is like a muscle—it gets stronger with appropriate use but ultimately weakens if overloaded. That’s why Hester recommends setting short-term goals that are "moderately difficult, realistic, concrete and measurable." As with weight-lifting, starting at a level that is challenging but not overwhelming can provide a sense of achievement and success—which can give you the drive to take on bigger challenges.
4. Don’t Try to Scare Yourself Straight
[M] Research shows that in the long term, the pleasure of victory is a better incentive than the agony of defeat. "Punishment is a poor motivator," says Hester. "It sets people up for failure. If all you do is punishing yourself for failure, you won’t stay motivated to change for very long."
[N] Instead, reward yourself for sticking to your limits and focus on the benefits of changing. For instance, if your goal is to drink less or lose weight, treat yourself to something you want—a new book or DVD, say—each time you successfully resist a tempting dessert or achieve a goal, like a month of abstinence. Success tends to give birth to greater success. If you do slip back into old patterns, avoid blame. "Don’t say, ’I can’t do it,’ " says Marlatt. "People make mistakes. If you keep working at it, you will get better over time. That’s what the research shows."
[N] For some people, trying to moderate bad habits is not achievable or takes more effort than abstaining altogether-as the philosopher St. Augustine put it, "Complete abstinence is easier than perfect moderation." Recognizing this by trying and failing can also be a critical step toward behavior change.
5. Get Better Friends
[O] Consciously and unconsciously, people tend to imitate those around them. That’s why the latest research shows that things like happiness, smoking quitting and obesity can spread like an infectious disease through social networks. So surround yourself with friends who can also be role models. "Make sure that people you hang out with are people who look and act the way you would like to. Social imitation is the easiest form not only of flattery but of self-improvement," says Stanton Peele, author of Seven Tools to Beat Addiction.
[P] Social support is critical to changing all kinds of behavior. Good friends can not only help you through slip-ups but also help keep your New Year’s resolutions from taking over your life. Rather than obsessing about what you shouldn’t be doing, think about things you should, experts say. The distraction will help you curb bad habits. "Focus on your higher goals and positive activities, things that both sustain you and fill your life," says Peele. If you regularly engage in meaningful activities that give you pleasure—whether it’s visiting friends, picking up a hobby, taking a class or doing volunteer work—you’ll simply have less time to engage in the behavior that you want to reduce.
Using meditation can help people quit bad habits.
选项
答案
H
解析
由meditation和bad habits定位到H段。原文说,Alan Marlatt在研究“mindfulness-based relapse prevention”,这是利用冥想和其他来自佛教教义的思想来帮助人们打破坏习惯。本题句子的quit对应原文的break。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/qQHFFFFM
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Womenarequiteoftencompetentdrivers,buttheyareveryseldomconsistentlyfirstclass.Atbesttheyareamildhazard,at【C
A、Indonesia.B、YellowstoneNationalPark.C、TheWales.D、TheGreatBritain.A①A提到lasteruption后听到的地点,为答案。②对于对话中提及的时间、地点、数据、顺序应该特
A、Inthevalley.B、Ontheflooroftherivers.C、Inthenarrowvolcanopipes.D、Onthetopofthemountains.C短文说,钻石是在狭窄的火山筒被发现的
A、Receptive.B、Just.C、Impulsive.D、Trustful.D4个关于性格的形容词,考生基本可以断定本题是关于英国人是哪种性格的问题。男士的下面这句话包含了本题的答案“thefriendshipofanEnglish
A、Drawinggraphs.B、Givingpresentations.C、Havingaclassdiscussion.D、Takinganexamination.B选项都和所做的事有关。从对话中不断出现的presentatio
Millionsofyoungpeoplearecreatingblogs.Millionsofothersarcreadingthem.Theword"blog"isashortwayofsayingWeb
AreWeTurningintoaNationofLoners?Marriageisdown,andsoischildbirth.Butdivorceisup,alongwithsingle-person
A、Ataboutnoon.B、Lateinthe’afternoon.C、Earlyinthemorning.D、Atdawn.A短文中提到“preparingthetraysforlunch”,为午餐准备盘子,据此推断
SydneyOperaHousemustbeoneofthemostrecognizableimagesofthemodemworld—uptherewiththeEiffelTowerandtheEmpire
Ourbodiesexperienceanebbandflowofenergythroughouttheday.Thisiscalledacircadianrhythm,andithasbeenstudied【C
随机试题
目前,在我国有权办理涉外公证业务的机构是()
男,44岁,右上腹胀痛3天。伴寒战、高热(39.2℃),食欲不振,乏力。右上腹皮肤有凹陷性水肿。肝肋下5cm,有压痛。血WBC19×109/L,N0.92。B超示右肝内多个2~3cm大小的液性暗区。X线片示右膈肌升高,肝阴影增大。抗感染治疗主要针对的细
A.槐花B.银杏叶C.山楂D.黄芩E.葛根有效成分为芦丁的中药为()。
某县政府发布通知,对直接介绍外地企业到本县投资的单位和个人按照投资项目实际到位资金金额的千分之一奖励。经张某引荐,某外地企业到该县投资500万元,但县政府拒绝支付奖励金。县政府的行为不违反下列哪些原则或要求?
下列叙述正确的是()。
现金溢余核查后原因不明,则应()。
广州白鹳塑料制品有限公司与台湾锦云贸易有限公司签订印花塑料餐具加工合同,由锦云公司向白鹳公司免费提供ABS树脂一批,并支付加工费,成品由锦云公司在境外销售。白鹳公司为此向海关申领了加工贸易手册。在加工过程中,由于没有印花设备,白鹳公司报经主管海关同意后,将
经济增长与经济发展的关系是( )。
A、 B、 C、 D、 B和操作系统一样,可以将DBMS划分成若干层次。清晰、合理的层次结构可以帮助我们更清楚地认识DBMS,有助于DBMS的设计和维护。层次结构是按照处理对象的不同来划分的,最上层是应用层,
______mustlovestudents.
最新回复
(
0
)