首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
The operation known as a hemispherectomy—the removal of half the brain-sounds too radical to ever consider, much less perform. I
The operation known as a hemispherectomy—the removal of half the brain-sounds too radical to ever consider, much less perform. I
admin
2015-05-24
31
问题
The operation known as a hemispherectomy—the removal of half the brain-sounds too radical to ever consider, much less perform. In the past century, however, surgeons have done it hundreds of times for disorders that cannot be controlled any other way. Perhaps surprisingly, the surgery has no apparent effect on personality or memory. Does that mean a person needs only half abrain? Yes and no. People can survive and function pretty well after the procedure, but they will have some physical disabilities.
The first known hemispherectomy was performed on a dog in 1888 by German physiologist Friedrich Goltz. Neurosurgeon Walter Dandy pioneered the use of the procedure on humans at Johns Hopkins University in 1923, operating on a patient who had a brain tumor. That man lived for more than three years before ultimately dying from cancer.
In 1938, after performing a hemispherectomy on a 16-year-old girl, Canadian neurosurgeon Kenneth McKenzie reported that it could stop seizures, a neurological disorder in the brain. And today brain surgeons perform hemispherectomies on patients who undergo dozens of seizures daily that resist all medication and stem from conditions that primarily afflict one hemisphere. "These disorders are often progressive and damage the rest of the brain if not treated," explains neurosurgeon Gary W. Mathern of the University of California, Los Angeles.
The surgery takes two forms. Anatomical hemispherectomies involve the removal of an entire hemisphere, whereas functional hemispherectomies take out only parts of a hemisphere—as well as severing the connections between the two halves of the brain. Doctors often prefer anatomical hemispherectomies because "leaving even a little bit of brain behind can lead seizures to return," says neurologist John Freeman of Johns Hopkins, which specializes in the procedure. On the other hand, functional hemispherectomies, which UCLA, surgeons usually perform, lead to less blood loss. "Our patients are usually under two years of age, so they have less blood to lose," Mathern says. Neurosurgeons have performed the functional operation on children as young as three months old. In these tiny patients, memory and personality develop normally.
Most Johns Hopkins hemispherectomy patients are older than five years. A recent study found that 86 percent of the 111 children who underwent the procedure at Johns Hopkins between 1975 and 2001 are either seizure-free or have non-disabling seizures that do not require medication. Another study found that children who underwent a hemispherectomy often improved academically once their seizures stopped. "One was champion bowler of her class, one was chess champion of his state, and others are in college doing very nicely," Freeman notes.
The operation known as a hemispherectomy
选项
A、is misused and out of control.
B、is seemingly OK but has certain ill effects.
C、is superior to other methods to cure disorders.
D、has no harm on personality or memory at all.
答案
B
解析
事实细节题。根据题干定位到第一段。其中讲到大脑半球切除手术证明了人类可以仅仅倚赖半个大脑生存,这种说法半对半错。因为在切除大脑半球后,病人的身体机能虽运作良好,但今后却可能会出现残疾,故B项与之相符。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/qLFRFFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Americansaresupposedtobemobileandevenpushy.SaulBellow’sAugieMarchdeclares,"IamanAmerican,..firsttoknock,f
EveryonecomplainsthatcorporateAmericais【C1】______tohireadditionalworkers.Far【C2】______attentionhasbeenpaidtothefl
PoorPeopleAlsoCanHaveaLawsuitinAmericanAmerica’scourtsarebuiltonasystemofrulesandproceduresthatassumet
TheUnitedStatesCarriesOuttheNewBillWhenshegraduatesfromColumbiaUniversitynextyearwithamaster’sdegreeinp
HowtoSolvetheProblemofChildhoodObesityintheUnitedStatesTheproportionofchildreninAmericawhoareoverweight
"Printisdead"wasacommonrefrainacoupleofyearsago.Thecostlyprintadvertisementsthatkeptmagazinesandnewspapersa
Youareato-be-graduateofSichuanUniversity,andyouareinterestedinthepositionofsalesmanagerthatisadvertisedonth
Wehaveknownforalongtimethattheorganizationofanyparticularsocietyisinfluencedbythedefinitionofthesexesandt
Youaregoingtoreadatextabouttheprinciplesforteachingextensivereading,followedbyalistofexamples.Choosethebes
CharlesDarwinwedhiscousinEmmaandspawned10children,includingfourbrilliantscientists.AlbertEinstein’ssecondwifeE
随机试题
对酒当歌,人生几何。
人体组织声衰减的主要因素是
超声回弹测强曲线应优选()。
施工质量检查的内容不包括( )。
下列关于工程预付款的表述,正确的是()。
上海证券交易所实行全面指定交易制度后,红利的领取不再挂牌。( )
反映一个国家经济是否具有活力的基本指标是()。
甲企业与乙企业签订了一份再生原料买卖合同,由乙企业向甲企业供货30吨,合同总价款20万元。双方依约全部履行完义务后,乙企业提供的再生原料被查出属于非法进口的洋垃圾。关于该合同的说法,错误的有()。
来自日本、韩国及我国的60余名专家学者在德安县的考察中,探访到了与五柳先生所遗诗文中提到的祖居地等一些较为吻合的地理文化遗存,如流传至今的五柳先生的母亲孟太夫人墓、牛眠地、桃源洞、古道古桥,以及众多的出土文物等。(语料来源:《江西日报》,2009年8月29
下列类型中,不适用于数值常量类型的是______。
最新回复
(
0
)