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  3. The Revolutionary War, which began officially on April 19, 1775, dragged on for more than six bitter years. It was a conflict fo

The Revolutionary War, which began officially on April 19, 1775, dragged on for more than six bitter years. It was a conflict fo

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问题     The Revolutionary War, which began officially on April 19, 1775, dragged on for more than six bitter years. It was a conflict fought by the colonials for the honorable cause of securing freedom from【B1】______British intervention in American affairs. When legal restrictions were【B2】______by both the British and the colonists in 1775, nearly all American overseas commerce abruptly ceased. By mid-1775, the colonies faced acute shortages in such military【B3】______as powder and knives. Even salt, shoes, woolens, and linens【B4】______. Late in 1775, Congress authorised limited trade with the West Indies, mainly to buy arms and ammunitions, and trade with other non-British areas was on an【B5】______basis by the spring of 1776.
    Nevertheless, the British maintained a fairly effective naval blockade(封锁)of American ports, especially during the first two years of the war. Yet the colonies【B6】______international trade despite the blockade. Formal【B7】______of commerce with France in 1778 and with Holland and Spain shortly thereafter stimulated the flows of overseas trade. Between 1778 and early 1782, American wartime commerce was at its prime time. During those years, France, Holland, Spain, and their possessions all【B8】______traded with the colonies. Even so, the flow of goods in and out of the colonies remained well below pre-war levels. Smuggling and legal trade with overseas partners only partially offset the【B9】______trade reductions with Britain. Even coastal trade was curtailed by【B10】______vessels, by blockades, and by wartime freight rates. British-occupied ports, such as New York, generated some import activity but little or nothing in the way of exports.
【B3】
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答案essentials
解析 essentials，意为“必需品”。
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