2. 外语
  3. The International Labor Organization has studied reports on workers’ privacy in nineteen industrial nations. The study shows tha

The International Labor Organization has studied reports on workers’ privacy in nineteen industrial nations. The study shows tha

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问题     The International Labor Organization has studied reports on workers’ privacy in nineteen industrial nations. The study shows that electronic observation is most common in the United States. Many employers are using computers, cameras, listening devices and telephones to observe their workers. In the 300 businesses investigated in the U. S. more than 20 percent said they search computer records and listen to voice mail or electronic mail of their employees. Voice mail is a system for recording messages. Electronic mail, also called E-mail is messages sent between computers. About 20 million American workers, from factory workers to highly paid engineers, may be under electronic observation. This does not include employers who listen to people using telephones on their jobs. The ILO study says that electronic observation is especially common in some industries, such as telecommunications, insurance and banking. It also says the use of cameras is increasing in factories and stores in Japan and the use of technology to observe workers has grown rapidly in many other European industrial nations since 1985.
    Workers and worker organizations have major objections to electronic observation. They say it violates human rights and destroys the feeling of trust between workers and employers, because some employers use it to punish workers without the workers’ knowing the reason. They say it also makes it easier to learn private information about their workers, and employers even have greater powers than law enforcement agencies to observe people. For example, police need court orders to listen to the telephone calls of suspected criminals, but no such order is required for a business that wants to listen to the phone calls of one of its workers.
    The United States Congress is considering a bill to restrict the uses of electronic observation in work places. Employers will be required to tell workers if they are being observed.
    Questions:
What’s the purpose of the study conducted by the International Labor Organization?
选项 A、To find out which country is the most developed one in the world.
B、To see how the workers’ privacy is protected by the different countries.
C、To learn what kinds of electronic observation are used in the world.
D、To investigate the situation of workers’ privacy in 19 developed countries.
答案D
解析 第1题问国际劳工组织进行研究调查的目的是什么。由于问题题干中有关键提示词，因此我们可采用查阅式阅读法，在文章的第一段中找到与正确答案相关的内容。这一段指出，国际劳工组织在19个工业国进行了调查研究，主要是调查工人的个人隐私如何被侵犯的问题。调查报告表明美国是使用电子监视手段最普遍的国家。许多雇主使用计算机、摄像机、监听器和电话等：来监视工人。日本的工厂和商店里使用摄像机来监视人们的情况也在上升。自1985年以来，其他许多欧洲工业国家利用技术监视工人的情况也迅速发展起来。由此，我们可以推断出本题的正确答案是D：来调查在19个发达国家中工人的个人隐私的状况如何。
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