2. 考研
  3. In America alone, tipping is now a $16 billion-a-year industry. A recent poll showed that 40% of Americans【C1】______the practice

In America alone, tipping is now a $16 billion-a-year industry. A recent poll showed that 40% of Americans【C1】______the practice

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问题     In America alone, tipping is now a $16 billion-a-year industry. A recent poll showed that 40% of Americans【C1】______the practice. Tips should not exist So【C2】______do they? The conventional wisdom is that tips both【C3】______the efforts of good service and reduce uncomfortable feelings of inequality.【C4】______according to new research from Cornell University, tipping【C5】______serves any useful functions.
    The paper analyses data from 2,547 groups dining at 20 different restaurants. The【C6】______between larger tips and better service was very【C7】______: only a tiny part of the【C8】______in the size of the tip had anything to do with the quality of service. Customers who rated a meal as "excellent" still tipped【C9】______between 8% and 37% of the meal price.
    Tipping is better explained by culture than by economics. In America, the custom【C10】______institutionalized: it is regarded as part of the【C11】______cost of a service. In a New York restaurant, failing to tip at least 15% could well mean【C12】______from the waiter. Hairdressers can expect to get 15-20%, the man who【C13】______your groceries $2. In Europe, tipping is less common; in many restaurants, discretionary tipping is being【C14】______by a standard service charge. In many Asian countries, tipping has never really【C15】______at all.
    How to【C16】______for these national differences? According to Michael Lynn, the Cornell paper’s co-author, countries in which people are more extrovert, sociable or neurotic tend to tip more. Tipping relieves【C17】______about being served by strangers. And, says Mr. Lynn, "in America, where people are【C18】______and expressive, tipping is about social approval. If you tip badly people think less of you." Icelanders,【C19】______, do not usually tip— a measure of their【C20】______, no doubt.
【C19】
选项 A、by contrary
B、on contrast
C、by contrast
D、on contrary
答案C
解析 上文提及“在美国，人们开朗大方，爱表现，支付小费和社会认可有关。如果你掏的小费少，人们就会看轻你”，而空格盾却说“冰岛人通常不付小费”，这是语义上的转折，C项by contrast“对比起来”表示对比转折，符合要求，故选C。
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