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  3. Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply

Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply

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问题      Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the "system" of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.
     If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define "price", many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privilege, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total "package" being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in group that they may evaluate a given price.
The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses
选项 A、unusual ways to advertise products.
B、types of payment plans for service.
C、theories about how products affect different levels of society.
D、bow certain elements of a price "package" influence its market value.
答案D
解析 本题考查推理判断。文章最后一句：“In other words，both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total "package" being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in group that they may evaluate a given price(换句话说，买卖双方都应该完全意识到形成交易“包”所涉及的各种因素，所以他们能够对这一价格进行评估)”。这样看来，下面很有可能讨论交易“包”所涉及的各种因素。因此选项D 为正确答案。
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