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  3. Universities are in a seemingly self-contradictory position. As Stefan Collini points out in his book, these ancient【C1】______ha

Universities are in a seemingly self-contradictory position. As Stefan Collini points out in his book, these ancient【C1】______ha

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问题     Universities are in a seemingly self-contradictory position. As Stefan Collini points out in his book, these ancient【C1】______have never been so numerous or so important They receive more public money than they ever did. They are praised as the【C2】______of economic growth and technological advance.【C3】______they are frequently defensive and troubled, attacked by politicians and【C4】______a clear sense of purpose and direction.
    Mr Collini, professor of the University of Cambridge, is eager to rebuild their【C5】______. Universities, he says, "【C6】______a home for attempts to extend and deepen human understanding in ways which are,【C7】______, disciplined and free." It is the side-effects of this activity that public debate has seized【C8】______: the impact on the student’s capacity for understanding, or on a country’s development of new technologies.【C9】______these are not the core purpose of a university.
    In making his case, Mr Collini rejects the definition of Clark Kerr, the president of the University of California, who【C10】______a university as "a series of individual faculty entrepreneurs held together by a common resentment over parking".【C11】______he goes back to Cardinal Newman. Newman has a way with words: "A university training is the great ordinary means to a great but ordinary end; it aims at raising the intellectual tone of society... It is the education which gives a man a clear,【C12】______view of his own【C13】______and judgments, a truth in developing them, an eloquence in【C14】______them and a force in urging them."
    Mr Collini is moved by Newman’s insistence that a liberal education is not about what students learn or what skills they【C15】______but "the perspective they have on the place of their knowledge in a wider【C16】______of human understanding".
    Universities will always feel the【C17】______between the intellectual purity that Mr Collini demands and the【C18】______business of picking and preparing the future middle class.【C19】______these two roles is the mark of a great university. Indeed, the stress created by these【C20】______roles is what helps even the most ordinary academic retain some independence of thought and intellectual energy.
【C11】
选项 A、Therefore
B、Likewise
C、Thereafter
D、Instead
答案D
解析 本句提到科里尼转而支持(goes back to)卡迪纳尔·纽曼的观点，而上句科里尼反对克拉克·科尔对大学的定义。两句间转折对比，选D项Instead“反而”。
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