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  3. DNA fingerprinting is used to determine where particular genetic material came from, that is what person or group of people’ s m

DNA fingerprinting is used to determine where particular genetic material came from, that is what person or group of people’ s m

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问题     DNA fingerprinting is used to determine where particular genetic material came from, that is what person or group of people’ s material is mostly likely to come from. Only 1% of our DNA differs from other individuals since 99% of human DNA is identical. That 1% though can allow scientists to differentiate its origin.
    DNA fingerprinting is most commonly used to determine our heredity. When used alongside more traditional sociological methodologies, DNA fingerprinting can be used to find out exactly where we came from, in some cases, which tribe. However, DNA fingerprinting cannot discriminate between identical twins.
    Most people are aware of the use of DNA fingerprinting in forensic medicine. Samples gathered at a crime scene can be compared with the DNA of a suspect to prove his or her presence at or involvement with the crime. The problem is that DNA bases only hold the DNA of people who have already been convicted of a crime. They do not contain the DNA of whole populations so it impossible to use this technique to track down suspects that are nor present in the database. However this might change. If governments replace photograph ID cards to that of DNA fingerprint ID cards, then it will be far easier to track down anyone within a nation’ s population.
    DNA fingerprinting can also help us to predict our future health. It is often used to track down the genetic basis of inherited diseases. If there is a particular, recurring pattern in different patients, scientists can narrow down which gene or genes might be involved. It can also be used to screen parents and fetuses for the presence of inherited abnormalities, such as Huntington’s disease or muscular dystrophy, so appropriate advice can be given and precautions taken as needed.
    The use of DNA fingerprinting and genetic screening is fast in changing society and the way we treat illnesses, track down criminals and soon, identify the public. It is a science that has dramatically changed society and continues to make great contributions to health and science in all fields.
The word "precautions"(Line 6, Para.4)is closest in meaning to_____.
选项 A、care
B、conclusions
C、safeguards
D、impasses
答案C
解析 语义题。原文意为，指纹识别法可以用来鉴别父母与胎儿遗传异常，例如亨廷顿病或肌营养不良，这样人们便可以得到适当建议，来采取所需的预防措施。根据构词法pre表示提前，cautions为小心之意，可推测为“预防”。选项C，“保护手段，保护措施”是同义词。
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