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  3. A paper in the Lancet, shamelessly timed to coincide with the Olympic games, compares countries’ rates of physical activity. The

A paper in the Lancet, shamelessly timed to coincide with the Olympic games, compares countries’ rates of physical activity. The

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问题     A paper in the Lancet, shamelessly timed to coincide with the Olympic games, compares countries’ rates of physical activity. The study it describes, led by Pedro Hallal of the Federal University of Pelotas, in Brazil, is the most complete portrait yet of the world’s busy bees and couch potatoes.
    It suggests that nearly a third of adults are not getting enough exercise. That rates of exercise have declined is hardly a new discovery. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, technology and economic growth have conspired to create a world in which the flexing of muscles is more and more an option rather than a necessity.
    But only recently have enough good data been collected from enough places to carry out the sort of analysis Dr. Hallal and his colleagues have engaged in. In all, they were able to pool data from 122 countries, covering 89% of the world’ s population. They considered sufficient physical activity to be 30 minutes of moderate exercise five days a week, 20 minutes of vigorous exercise three days a week, or some combination of the two. There are common themes in different places.
    Unsurprisingly, people in rich countries are less active than those in poor ones, and old people are less active than young ones. Less obviously, women tend to exercise less than men—34% are inactive, compared with 28% of men. But there are exceptions. The women of Iraq and Finland, for example, move more than their male countrymen.
    Six Americans in ten are sufficiently active by Dr. Hallal’ s definition, compared with fewer than four in ten Britons. In an accompanying analysis of people’ s habits, Dr. Hallal found equally wide differences. In South-East Asia fewer than a quarter sit for at least four hours each day; in Europe 64% do. And even neighbors may differ. Only 2% of Swiss walk to work, whereas 23% of Germans do so. These high rates of inactivity are worrying.
    Paradoxically, human beings seem to have evolved to benefit from exercise while eschewing it whenever they can. In a state of nature it would be impossible to live a life that did not provide enough of it to be beneficial, while over-exercising would use up scarce calories to little advantage. But that no longer pertains. According to another paper in the Lancet, insufficient activity these days has nearly the same effect on life expectancy as smoking.
It can be inferred from the passage that the Lancet is a journal on
选项 A、evolution.
B、medicine.
C、economy.
D、sports.
答案B
解析 根据题干关键词可知，此题要求考生推断the Lancet是关于什么的期刊。the Lancet 出现在文章第一段首句“the Lancet的一篇文章对世界各国人民进行体育锻炼的比率做了 一个比较”和第六段末句“the Lancet中的另一篇文章称，缺乏锻炼对寿命造成的影响几乎 和抽烟差不多”，综合两处可推断出，the Lancet是医学期刊。the Lancet其实名为《柳叶刀》， 是世界上最悠久及最受重视的同行评审性质的医学期刊。A项“关于进化”、C项“关于经 济”、D项“关于体育”均不正确，故排除。
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