A、They didn’t use singers. B、They gave free concerts. C、They performed in small nightclubs. D、They shortened the length of their

Ok, so in our last class we were discussing big bands swing music. You remember this was a kind of dance music with a steady rhythm. But today we deal with style of music played by smaller jazz bands. It’s called bebop. Now bebop may use all sorts of new types of rhythms, some of them very irregular. We’ll talk more about that later. But first I want to talk about some of the social elements that I believe contributed to the development of bebop music. To do this, we have to look at when bebop arose and started becoming so popular, which was from the late 1930s through the 1940s, some the time of great depression write into the second world war. Now one factor that certainly help create the environment for bebop music was the decline of US economy. During the great depression, the economy suffered tremendously. And fewer people had money to spend on entertainment. Then during the 2nd World War the government imposed a new tax on public entertainment, what you might call performance tax. The government collected money on performances that included any types of acting, dancing or singing, but not instrumental music. So to avoid this new tax, some jazz bands stop using singers altogether. They started relying on the creativity of the instrumentalists to attract audiences. This was what bebop bands did. Now remember a lot of big bands have singers. So the instrumentalists simply played in the background and had occasional solos while the singer sang the melody to the songs, but not bebop bands. So the instrumentalists had much more freedom to be creative. So they experimented, playing the music faster and using new irregular sorts of rhythms.
Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 19 to 21.
19. How did the bebop bands avoid the performance tax?
20. Why does the professor mention the decline of the US economy during the great depression?
21. What does the professor describe as a significant characteristic of bebop music?