A、It is the major ingredient for human evolution. B、It is a medium that binds all human beings. C、It is the most popular means f

Moderator:
    Hello, ladies and gentlemen, I feel honored to introduce our speaker for today’s lecture, Dr. Roger Webster. Dr. Webster, professor of sociology at Princeton University, has written numerous articles and books on the issue of communication, which is more and more important in our society nowadays, and even has a profound impact on one’s career and daily life as well. Welcome, Dr. Webster.
Dr. Webster:
    Hello, everyone. Before we start today’s lecture, you can spend a little time to think about if you are a good communicator or not. And why?
    Communication has been the major ingredient for the upgradation of apes into human beings. Before language and the science of semantics were developed, facial expressions and body movements were the most sought-after means for communication. Slowly the language started shaping up and now we have countless thousand dialects.
     (16)Language is a medium that binds all human beings. It is the unique form which has been exploited and used to the maximum by us. But somewhere down the line, we used it only for the purpose of communication and not for enriching our knowledge and to increase our market value.
    You would be thinking what I am getting at? Next, I will clear all the question marks in your head. Tell me the number of times you have been fascinated by a talk or lecture given by someone. Maybe once or twice or maximum thrice. Now the point to ponder is what was the distinguishing feature of that persuasive speaker that didn’t make your eyelids heavy with sleep? He would have had the skill to maneuver all your thinking, listening and visual channels towards him.
     (17)Closer observation would reveal that change of tone at the appropriate time, fluency in language, and proper translation of thoughts into words make his speech all the more appealing. He is able to give you what you want to hear and what he wanted to give the audience in terms of knowledge. And when this success ratio is unity, you never skip a word from the speaker.
    Communication skills are an important strength and they add a very important dimension to your personality.
    When you communicate clearly and openly, you always make your wants, needs and doubts obvious. This clarity is essential to market yourself. You may not be that well qualified, but with good communication skills you can crack your interview and you can sell yourself convincingly. You then don’t try to fill in a vacancy in a company but make a place for yourself.
    Some of the essential tips for communication include:
    Be clear, concise and straightforward.
     (18)Keep your sentences short. This will avoid grammatical mistakes.
    Look into the eyes of the person you are speaking to. This gives a glimpse of your sincerity and dedication to the other person.
     (19)Even if you slip up somewhere, maintain your calm, apologize and continue. Don’t try to reanalyze such slip-ups, because we wish to promote ourselves.
    So from now on communicate clearly, properly and openly, as after all the world doesn’t know what you need. Does it?
    That’s the end of today’s lecture. I hope it will be helpful to all of you. Thank you!
Questions 16 to 19 are based on the recording you have just heard.
16. What does the speaker say about language?
17. According to the speaker, how to make a speech more appealing?
18. What does the speaker say about keeping your sentences short?
19. What does the speaker suggest people do after they slip up?