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  3. Women teachers are holding back boys by blaming them for typically male behavior, according to a study out today. They are reinf

Women teachers are holding back boys by blaming them for typically male behavior, according to a study out today. They are reinf

admin2012-07-11  42
问题     Women teachers are holding back boys by blaming them for typically male behavior, according to a study out today. They are reinforcing stereotypes that boys are "silly" in class,refuse to "sit nicely like the girls" and are more likely to indulge in " schoolboy pranks (恶作剧)". Women teachers may also unconsciously perpetuate (保持) low expectations of boys’ academic achievement and encourage girls to work harder by letting them think they are cleverer. Schools should avoid dividing pupils into ability groups because the practice often results in girls dominating the higher-achieving tables, concluded the Kent University research.
    The study of primary schools in the county suggests that under-performance among boys in most national exams could be linked to lower expectations. The research mainly implicates women teachers, since nearly 90 percent of primary school teachers are female. It warned that school staff find boys’ play, such as handling toy guns,"particularly challenging and difficult".
    Boys are punished and urged to conform to a more feminine style of play instead of being taught how to play responsibly with their preferred toys. Bonny Hartley,the study’s lead author,said: "By seven or eight years old,children of both genders believe that boys are less focused,able,and successful than girls—and think that adults endorse this stereotype. There are signs that these expectations have the potential to become self-fulfilling in influencing children’s actual conduct and achievement. "
    Girls as young as four think they are cleverer, try harder and are better behaved than equivalent boys,her study found. By the age of seven and eight,boys also believe that their female classmates are more likely to have these qualities.
    For the study,238 children aged four to ten were presented with a series of scenarios such as "this child is really clever" and " this child always finishes his/her work". They were then asked to point to a picture of a boy or a girl to say Which they thought was being talked about. The findings show that from the first year of school girls said their sex was more likely to record better conduct and achievement. From the age of eight, boys were also more likely to say that girls had better performance, motivation and effort, self-control and conduct.
    In the second part of the study—being presented today at the British Educational Research Association annual conference at Warwick University—the children were asked if adults believed boys or girls were cleverer and better behaved. From an early age, girls believe grown-ups think girls have better conduct and achievement. Boys develop the same beliefs around the age of eight. The study drew no distinction between the beliefs and classroom practices of male and female teachers. Further research by the same team will consider the specific gender stereotypes held by teachers.
The second part of the study suggests______.
选项 A、boys and girls get different opinions on adults’ attitudes towards them
B、adults think boys have better conduct and performance
C、no distinction between female and male teachers’ belief and classroom practices
D、the specific gender stereotypes held by teachers towards boys’ classroom performance
答案C
解析 主旨大意题。本题考查第二部分实验的结论。最后一段描述了第二部分实验中孩子们要回答成年人认为是男孩还是女孩更聪明，谁表现更好。经过研究发现，从更早年龄开始，女孩就认为成年人站在女孩一方，八岁的男孩也认为成年人站在女孩一方，但是这个实验没有区别男性和女性教师在想法和课堂实践中的不同。故C)为答案。A)“男孩和女孩对成年人如何看待他们的意见不同”，与原文不符，排除；B)“成年人认为男孩表现更好，成绩更好”与原文相反；D)“老师对男孩的课堂表现持有一些特定的成见”，此陈述在第二部分实验中未提及，故排除。
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