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  3. Here is a great irony of 21st century global health: while many hundreds of millions of people lack adequate food as a result of

Here is a great irony of 21st century global health: while many hundreds of millions of people lack adequate food as a result of

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问题     Here is a great irony of 21st century global health: while many hundreds of millions of people lack adequate food as a result of economic inequities, political corruption, or warfare, many hundreds of millions more are overweight to the point of increased risk of diet-related chronic diseases. Obesity is a worldwide phenomenon, affecting children as well as adults and forcing all but the poorest countries to divert scarce resources away from food security to take care of people with preventable heart disease and diabetes.
    To reverse the obesity epidemic, we must address the fundamental cause. Overweight comes from consuming more food energy than is expended in activity. The cause of this imbalance also is ironically improved prosperity. People use extra income to eat more and be less physically active. Market economies encourage this. They turn people with expendable income into consumers of aggressively marketed foods that are high in energy but low in nutritional value, and of cars, television sets, and computers that promote sedentary behavior. Gaining weight is good business. Food is particularly big business because everyone eats.
    Moreover, food is so overproduced that many countries especially the rich ones, have far more than they need — another irony. In the United States, to take an extreme example, most adults — of all ages, incomes, educational levels, and census categories — are overweight. The U. S. food supply provides 3800 kilocalories per person per day, nearly twice as much as required by many adults. Overabundant food forces companies to compete for sales through advertising, health claims, new products, larger portions, and campaigns directed towards children. Food marketing promotes weight gain. Indeed, it is difficult to think of any major industry that might benefit if people eat less food; certainly not the agriculture, food product, grocery, restaurant, diet, or drug industries. All flourish when people eat more, and all employ armies of lobbyists to discourage governments from doing anything to inhibit overeating.
As a result of the third irony, people______.
选项 A、consume 3800 kilocalories on a daily basis
B、complain about food overproduction
C、have to raise their food expenses
D、are driven towards weight gain
答案D
解析 推断题。本题题意是：“第三个讽刺是人们被迫增加体重。”根据第三段的内容，食物在富裕的国家生产过剩，过剩的食物让商家们采取各种手段竞争。食品市场倡议增加体重。人们吃得越多，与食品有关的行业就越兴旺，所以没人会提倡采取措施限制吃得过多。从此可以看出，人们在这种氛围下，“不得不”吃得更多，因而不断增加体重。
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